The Doodler | 1. The Coldest Case in San Francisco

On the night before Halloween in 1975, 15-year-old Martha Moxley was murdered, but police failed to make an arrest. Until, in 2000, her one-time neighbor, Michael Skakel, was arrested. He was also a cousin of the Kennedys. The Kennedy connection is the reason that most people know about this case. But the deeper I dug, the more I came to question everything I thought I knew. Search Dead Certain, the Martha Moxley Murder on Apple Podcasts. To listen to the latest episodes each week. The Binge. You're listening to The Doodler, a re-release series from The Binge Archives. If you're a subscriber to The Binge, you can listen to all episodes add-free right now. Visit The Binge Channel on Apple Podcasts or get TheBinge.com to browse all the great shows on the channel. The Binge. Feed Your True Crime Obsession. This series contains depictions of violent assault and murder. Listener discretion is advised. This emergency call was made on the night of January 27, 1974. Go on, go up in my PhD, put it. Forty-seven years later, I'm standing on Ocean Beach. At the spot where that body was found. We're standing here at Forty-eighth and Yelah. It would have been right across from what we are. With me is Dan Cunningham, an investigator with the SFPD. At some point, when the police got there, the tide was rising and his body was getting hit by the tide. To police in the 70s, right away it was clear that this was a murder victim. The San Francisco Examiner identified him two days later towards the back on page 42. Here's Dan Cunningham. Gerald Kavanaugh, who was a Canadian man, 49-50 years old. The paper said that Gerald Kavanaugh was a furniture finisher. Whoever killed him had stabbed him 17 times in the chest, the back, and the stomach. 17 times. The article didn't include much other information. In fact, it was soliciting leads. Police provided a phone number for readers to call. So there's people that are out there that were terrified. They started bringing it back up again and talking about it. It was almost like they didn't want me to come by and talk about it because all these children came back up again. Cunningham was in high school when Kavanaugh was found on this beach. But today he's the guy tasked with this cold case. And the case is a four other dead man. Maybe more. All of them are linked to one suspected killer. Dan and I have been in touch for about two years. We talk, but Dan can't give me too much information. Technically, the investigation is still active. I'm Kevin Fagan. I've been a reporter at the San Francisco Chronicle for 28 years. I've covered the Zodiac, William the Freeway Killer Bonon, and the Unibomber. I've watched the executions of seven killers at San Quentin Prison and held the hands of the victims' mothers and fathers as they grieved. I lived on the streets of San Francisco for six months to cover the stark reality of homelessness. I care about the forgotten and the marginalized people at the heart of this city. And there's one case, one unsolved case that still angers me. It confounds me. Between 1974 and 1975, San Francisco was victimized by one of the most prolific killers of gay men in modern history. He preyed on people in queer neighborhoods across the city, in the Tenderloin, Polk Gulch, and the Castro. He went to gay bars, places with disco music blasting and men dancing. They say this killer watched them, maybe while leaned up against the bar or sitting in the corner of the room. He'd pick someone, then he would draw, sketching their portrait on a cocktail napkin. Once he showed that man their picture, they were his. The killer would tell his target that he wanted to go somewhere more private. They'd leave the crowded bar behind, and the next morning, the man he had sketched, was dead. And that's how this killer earned his name, the Doodler. Most people in San Francisco at the time never even heard about the Doodler. His murders weren't headline news. They were missed by the mainstream media, relegated to the back pages of the San Francisco Chronicle. The Doodler didn't even make it into the paper by name until January of 1976, well after his last victim was identified. The question is, why? There was a lot of stuff going on. There was Zebra, there was Zodiac, there was Doodler, so there were a lot of mysterious random murders. I feel like it's overlooked, maybe just because they had to do the gay population. People were getting mugged, people were getting harassed, people were getting beaten. And the Doodler took it to another level is that he was killing people and getting away with it because the police didn't be honest with your care. It's been 47 years since the Doodler lurked in San Francisco. And it might seem strange that a prolific murderer went unnoticed for so long, but police at the time didn't have all the information, tools and context at our disposal today. First the Golden State Killer and now there is word of a potential break in the case of another serial killer who terrorized the Bay Area. He was nicknamed the Doodler because the serial killer sketched each of his victims before killing them. In 2019, the SFPD held a press conference announcing they were actively pursuing this case. They released an updated sketch of what the Doodler may look like today. I was there at that press conference. We know that in the 1970s, this was gripping the gay community in San Francisco. And so Inspector Cunningham reopened all the cases that were involved at that time to see if we could identify who that is so that we could get closure for those victims and hopefully make an arrest in those cases. There was a sudden urgency in this case after all those years. Police were asking the public for new tips and offering a reward. On the one hand, I wanted to ask, why now? But on the other, I also wanted to ask, why did it take all these years? In my conversations with police, I realized that to get to the bottom of this case, to answer any questions I might have, I needed to go back to the very beginning. That's what this podcast is all about. Putting together what the cops have already found with a new investigation, mine. I want to unravel the Doodler mystery, talk to victims' families, friends, anyone who will get me closer to understanding what happened all those years ago. This story bounces from California, to Canada, to Germany, to Sweden, and back. I've interviewed retired investigators, online slutes, drag queens, and queer historians. I've talked to sisters and daughters, and I'm still chasing leads on one anonymous actor and a foreign diplomat. Because there's another reason behind this urgency that I've discovered in my digging. Police believe that killer is still alive today. Listen to this series carefully, and let us know if anything you hear in this show jogs a memory of yours. We've got more information on our website, the doodlerpod.com. And if you've got a tip, you can call us at 415-570-929. From the San Francisco Chronicle, ugly duckling films, and neon hum media, this is the untold story of the doodler. In San Francisco, you're never that far from the water. But even on a summer's day in July, your walk can be engulfed by fog. A weather pattern so familiar that some folks have taken to naming the fog Carl. Ocean Beach stretches three and a half miles down SS Pacific Coast. Bike paths and pedestrian walkways swerve and climb through the white sandy dunes in the seagrass. The ocean is alive with deadly rip currents and huge waves. Dan Cunningham and I walked along the beach around midday, talking about Gerald Kavanaugh. We might have met him walking along the beach, we don't know. Yeah, I gotta keep everything open to find it about it. Sure. But I believe this is what Gerald Kavanaugh probably did that night. We're walking along the route, you probably walked along. Investigator Dan Cunningham always wears a tie and a jacket on the job. His gray hair is clipped short. He's been working murders for years and he's seen things most people don't want to see. Cunningham's a dog and investigator. He's the kind of guy who doesn't give up. The fact that Dan is here with me is a big deal. I'm a journalist. And journalists always want to know the stuff that cops aren't ready to make public. Still, we share a goal. We both want to unravel this mystery. In fact, Dan Cunningham is how I first learned about the doodler. He called me a couple of years ago looking for a reporter who used to cover the case. He mentioned the doodler and my interest was peaked. By August of 2020, I convinced my editors to let me work on the doodler case full time. Month later, Cunningham agreed to meet me at a cafe in the North Bay. He still didn't want to make all of his progress public. But we could at least share notes on the original investigation. That's easy for me to sit here and say Monday morning quarterback. I would have done this. I would have done that. And when, in fact, I think that the investigators that were working the case at the time did every measure they could to fall through and locate a suspect. So number one, let's look at the first doodler killing. They describe what happened. He was found parallel to the great highway in the surf. And this was brought to police attention after a phone call was made. When police arrived at ocean beach that night in 1974, it was dark, almost pitch black. There's not like light poles down there. It's pretty dark. The victim was on his back. He was middle aged and balding, short, stocky. With a flashlight, they could see he was covered in blood. There were stab wounds all over his torso and a defensive wound on his hand. He didn't have any identification on him, just a couple of dollars in his pocket and a time X watch on his wrist. The surf was starting to take it out when the police arrived. They themselves had to track the body, I believe, a little bit away before the medical examiner's office got there because they were fearful that it was going to wash out to see. Something about this stabbing led cops to believe it was possible two different knives had been used. The brutal severity suggested this was a rage killing, not a spur of the moment in robbery. But to police at the time, it was just a random act of violence. If you hung around the beach at 2.30 in the morning or people might think something of you, because at that time a lot of the bathrooms that were down by ocean beach were kind of used as a center for gasex. The cops didn't realize it yet, but Kavanaugh was likely targeted because he was gay. The first in a series of killings like this to come. Did this killer know ocean beach was a cruising spot? Did he cruise this beach himself? Or did he meet Kavanaugh somewhere else and take him here? All of that is unclear to me and probably to SFPD too. But they did release a recording of the emergency call they got that night. I believe there might be a dead person in the beach, right across from your lower street. A lower street. If you follow the street right down to the water. I've walked along here and saw somebody learn here. But I didn't want to get too close to you, you know. And I know I could have it. The caller reported a body by the water. Gerald Kavanaugh's body. The dispatcher asked if the caller would give his name. The person that made the phone call was never located or found. There's a feeling, if I remember right, this might be the guy, right? Bragging or wanting people to find the body before it swept out to sea? Are we thought of that? And that's a possibility. Whoever's ever on call that night gets that case, right? That's retired swat Sergeant Bob Del Torrey. He went in order. This one right down the line. Who's next? Who's next? It's just a handoff. Two inspectors got the call the night Kavanaugh was killed. They showed up in the pre-dawn hours. They combed the beach for evidence and took photos of the body, like they did for every case. These guys were tops in their trade. They were very methodical. That's retired inspector Frank Falzone. When he thinks back on his work in the 1970s, he lights up. Things were happening in the 70s that I think I said to you once. I couldn't wait to get to work. It was like I searched for adventure. I didn't know what I was going to be walking into each and every day. At the time, homicide detectives on the SFPD worked cases and pairs. And they worked a lot of cases. The zodiac killer was still sending letters to the Chronicle. And the first wave of zebra killings had begun. A streak of seemingly random shootings that terrorized the city. So the 16 guys working homicide had plenty on their hands. Falzone calls in an adventure, but to many, the surge in crime that characterized the 1970s was just a horror. Before that, the perception was that murders were commonly committed amongst friends, families, co-workers, people who might have grudges. These cases were different. With the zodiac, the zebra, and now with the doodler, motives were becoming less clear. Crime is changing, but so was culture. You know, around the holidays, people are distracted. Traveling, visiting family, ordering packages non-stop. It's the time of year when you think everything is cozy and festive. But it's also when break-ins go up. And here's the thing I always come back to. If you could stop somebody from breaking in before they get inside, why wouldn't you? Most old school systems go off after someone's already in your place. That's too late. Simply safe is different. 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If you were gay in Omaha, Nebraska, or Birmingham, Alabama, you were in danger. Gay men were portrayed as sexual deviance, pedophiles, criminals. Identifying yourself as gay was extremely risky, even to loved ones. What is the worst incident that has ever happened to you since you've been gay, as far as being gay? I guess my parents, you know, have been finding out was the worst. People came to San Francisco from other parts of the country because they were gay, and because they felt like they could be themselves here, and that they could start a new life and not be closeted. That's Anne Cronemberg. She was active in the gay liberation movement and worked for activists that I caught Harvey Milk. LGBTQ wasn't even a turn back then. There was this freedom, if you were in San Francisco, and, you know, anything goes. It was like sex and drugs, and you had the bath houses, and the bars were just overflowing and dancing, and it was just such a fun time. There were entire neighborhoods where you could be surrounded by gay people, bars by the dozens all around. The summer of love was over, but the hippies were still living like it was 1969. Time of great liberation and electricity. That's Tom Amiano. He's a longtime gay activist, a former San Francisco supervisor and state assemblyman. A lot of the civil rights movement, the gay movement, the peace movement, the women's movement, there's a lot of shit happening. The politics and social activism of the '60s and '70s were momentous. People were marching in the streets against segregation and discrimination. Social revolution was in the air. Can you tell me what you feel about the homicide? I think it's great. I think it's really dynamite, and I think the only way to achieve it is to force and marches like this. But even San Francisco wasn't immune from homophobia. Two men could walk hand in hand in some neighborhoods, but Tom Amiano says gay bashings were still common. You had to keep your eyes peeled. What is now considered a hate crime was something I think the LGBT community, you know, we were resigned to it. For decades these attacks went unreported by the victims or ignored by police. But the big issue in the gay community is the simple as law and order. Gay people are simply afraid to walk the streets at night, beatings are an everyday occurrence here in the Castro neighborhood. It kind of goes against the image of the fabulous gay haven we imagine San Francisco to be. Cleve Jones and LGBT rights activists lived in it. People forget that it was still considered criminal behavior to be gay. You know, we didn't decriminalize until 76 and the police department didn't quite seem to get that memo for a while. There were police raids on gay bars, murders, beatings and discrimination. Here's Ann Cronenberg again. Gay men are getting busted after they've been at a bar for the night and pulled into jail because what they did was illegal in quotes. But Charles Manson, the Patty Hearst kidnapping, the zodiac, the zebra killings and the wave of violence that kicked up in the late 60s and early 70s. Those were the stories that took center stage in California. I was in college in the early 70s and I can remember like walking around San Francisco on the street corner and like, am I going to get killed by the zodiac? The zebra killings because it felt like there was so much going on. The zodiac is still one of the best known serial killers of the last 100 years and the most famous to be associated with the Bay Area. He killed at least five people but he claims he killed more. He made those claims in a series of cryptic letters to San Francisco newspapers including the Chronicle. And on January 29th, 1974, two days after the dude there's first victim was found on Ocean Beach, the zodiac sent a letter to the San Francisco Chronicle. It read, "Me 37, SFPD 0." And that same day, the second wave of a completely different murder spree started, the zebra killings. Five people were shot seemingly at random. The victims were going about their daily lives. Running errands, doing laundry at the laundromat and someone would come up, shoot them, run. San Francisco's mayor at the time, Joseph Aliotto, summed it up perfectly. "I wonder the problems we're having every time you have a mindless thing without motive. And when the victims themselves are selected at random, when that kind of thing is there, you can't really investigate it as you would a regular murder. There's no way of doing it." After that, the normally busy streets of San Francisco emptied out. Nightlife and tourist traffic dropped to almost nothing for a while. Kavanaugh's murder happened in the midst of all this. Maybe that worked in the killer's favor. The zodiac and the zebra killers wanted to terrorize. They wanted an audience. The doodler didn't seem like that. He didn't want to draw attention. Standing here at the site of Gerald Kavanaugh's last breath on Ocean Beach, Dan and I are surrounded by a beautiful panoramic scene. A cool breeze is coming off the surf. What do you make? What do you pull from standing here where Kavanaugh died? What do you learn from this? I mean, it's terrific that a person can come out here not knowing they're going to be killed. Getting brought down into the deep border by somebody, said to speak, and then they're getting murdered in a spot like this. Almost getting your body washed out to sea, potentially. What all you did was you wanted to be who you were. In those days, that was the way people met each other to express themselves, to bonding with other people, have sex. And I don't think he should be murdered for it. And I believe that nobody should have. None of these other murders. Nobody should get murdered ever. But these were horrific because that was the last thing on his mind. When he was walking down the beach, me and I just walked down at 130 in the morning whatever time it was. And thinking he was going to have possibly potentially sex and then do whatever he was going to do after and live his life for how many more years he had on the earth. And it all stopped right in front of us. In 2018, when Cunningham started on this case, he started from the very beginning. He went through all the notes, the crime scene photos, all the contacts, the original inspectors were able to scrape together. That's the kind of stuff he isn't allowed to share with us. But he understands that I want what he wants to figure out what really happened all those years ago. Our investigations are separate, but parallel. How many boxes of files were there? So there were some binders and I found a binder that was the inspector of the cases. Dan gives a lot of vague answers like that. He needs to hold on to a few things only the killer would know, save it for the interrogation room. But what's in there is sparse, short on detail. I mean, as we even speak now, I'm still looking for things in regards to it because the offices have moved different things about them throughout the years. Dan can't show me these case files or even the boxes they sit in, but I can still piece together this story from other sources. At this early stage, all possibilities are open on this case. Police presumed Kavanaugh's killer was a man and a well-prepared one. Dan told me police theorized that maybe he brought two knives with him to stab Kavanaugh. Like he had a backup plan in case things went wrong. He picked a well-shielded spot too. The sound of the waves would drown out any screens for help, but there were still more questions. Did he live in the city? Did he pick Kavanaugh at random? Or did he know him somehow? I did some digging through genealogy websites looking for anyone who might have known Gerald Kavanaugh. He reportedly worked for a mattress company in San Francisco, but after scouring business records and talking to mattress company owners and managers dating back to the 1970s, I could find no record of him. I discovered he was an immigrant from Montreal, Canada. He has family there, but so far no one has responded to messages. Kavanaugh is buried in Colma, California, thousands of miles from his hometown and any family he had there. His headstone is set into the ground on a broad wind-swept field surrounded by hundreds of others just like it. Maybe that's what he would have wanted, but I doubt it. It feels like his memory was just erased. One of my goals for this project is to undo that, to honor the memories of the dead. Five months after Kavanaugh was found on the beach, Joseph J. Stevens, a drag queen from Concord, was found stabbed. Then, it was Klaus Christman, a German on holiday in San Francisco. Then Frederick Kavanaugh, a decorated Navy veteran, was killed. And lastly, this killer took Harold Goldberg, a merchant sailor. Those are just the names we know. My reporting leads me to believe there's at least one more. To profile the doodler, I need to gather everything I can about the people he killed. And surfacing new information is tough. All I've got are newspaper clippings and a few retired police contacts. But most importantly, I've got a guy who can find people. Next time, on The Doodler. Hey there, it's Kevin. Okay, so we're on the machine now. Oh yeah. If I stand any chance at all of breaking this case, I need someone who can get to friends, family, anyone who might have known the victims. Mike Taylor and I worked together as reporters of the Chronicle. These days, he's a private eye. We're looking at something that's 45 years old. And so probably a majority of the people connected to it are going. But it doesn't take long for him to strike gold. I just got an email that I saw on the lower right corner of my screen from Melissa. Saying hi, and we'd love to talk to you. Hello, yes, I'll go, uh, I'll go visit her. Tell her I can come in person. That's next time on the untold story of The Doodler. The Doodler is created by the San Francisco Chronicle and Ugly Duckling films, and produced an association with neon hum media and Sony Music Entertainment. It is reported by me, the host Kevin Fagan and Mike Taylor, produced and written by Tanner Robbins. Natalie Ran is our co-producer and Odelia Rubin, our supervising producer. Associate producers are Bennett Percer, Chloe Chowbel, and Ryan J. Brown. Our sound designer and composer is Hansdale Sue. Our editor is Nick White, and our executive editor is Catherine St. Louis. Editorial support from King Kaufman and Tim O'Rourke for the San Francisco Chronicle. Executive producers are Sofia Gibber and Lena Balsegger for Ugly Duckling films and Jonathan Hirsch for neon hum media. The Doodler is a famous film. The Doodler is a film by Pete Giallahi, the Doodler is a film by Vary Sevia. The film is made by the Sinfulist. The film is made by the Doodler and the film is made by the Doodler and the Doodler is a film by Pete Giallahi. The Doodler is a film by Pete Giallahi.