Pope Warns of AI Apocalypse

- Parts of the world is brought to you by Ridge. It is so annoying that all your devices have different cards and chargers and inputs, your headphones, watch, tablet, it's all different. Thanks to Ridge, those days are over. Ridge revolutionized the wallet. Now they've changed the game for portable charging. Ridge is five in one travel power bank 'cause built-in cables unless you charge all of your devices at the same time, with just one power bank and no extra cables. And with Father's Day coming up, if you're trying to think of a gift, your dad will actually use this as it. And as MagSafe wireless charging, Apple Watch Chargers, Lightning and USB-C, every way you need to charge all in one premium device for up to three full phone charges. It's available in that olive base camp orange, matte black and the newest color atomic purple. They come with an LED charge status indicator that displays battery and charge levels at a glance. Like everything Ridge makes, it is built to last with free shipping and a 90 day risk free trial and a lifetime warranty. This is the last power bank you will ever need. One thing to pack five ways to power for a limited time. Get up to 40% off, ridges huge Father's Day sale at Ridge.com/PSTW. Don't miss one of their biggest discounts all year. Just head to Ridge.com/PSTW and you're all set. After you purchase, I'll ask you where you heard about them. Please support our show and tell them we sent you. America's 250th birthday calls for a history of sprawling and contradictory as the country itself. History of the United States and 100 objects produced by BBC Studios in 99% of visible tells this story one object at a time. Told over 100 episodes joined host Roman Mars as he reveals the fascinating stories behind a collection of often overlooked objects, each of which sets light on key moments in American history. From a gold coin found at a shipwreck that triggered financial panic to a tiny screw that kick-started an industrial empire, every week one object will open the door into an extraordinary often shocking story about who we've been, what we built and what we've allowed ourselves to forget. New episodes of a history of the United States and 100 objects are released every Tuesday, find it in 99% invisible wherever you get your podcasts. (upbeat music) - Welcome back to "Pod Save the World" on Tommy Dittor. - I'm Ben Rhodes. - And Ben happens to be in New York when the next corner of the NBA finals. Congratulations, buddy. - I got here yesterday 'cause I did my book launch here today and I was able to watch the next win in New York City. The buzz was palpable. - Did you rip down like a streetlight or anything? - I considered it. I considered some looting, but I think we had to win the championship before we can properly tear things up. So we'll see. - One trash can through a Starbucks window, maybe. - Yeah, there were some dudes, like there was some great footage of dudes like standing on top of subway stations and I think it got real last night in a few neighborhoods, but we still got one more series to go. - Yeah, well, I'm happy for you. Ben, did you see that President Trump today was scheduled to go to Walter Reed for his third in-person visit for like a medical and dental evaluation? I think this year or since inauguration last year? - You ever feel like there's a massive cover-up of his health problems that like no one ever really talks about? - I will just say that for eight years, I don't think I ever went to a doctor that wasn't the White House medical unit on the campus. - Right. - I mean, you can get procedures done, you can get prescriptions, you can get checkups like, you don't have to go to Walter Reed for like routine medical care, it's like-- - It's some sort of specialized equipment. - Yeah. - Dr. Ronnie was writing scripts for many where, but you need some sort of like, you know, there's a big thing or a big problem, you're going to want to read. It's all just very weird. - It is weird and every now and then you wonder whether some of the more resistency people around us something here. - Yeah, I don't think we need to give them any credit for shit in this case. It's just like, you know, the third time the guy goes, you're like, interesting. But I digress here. We got a lot to cover today. Congratulations on your book. We're going to talk about that at the end of the show. But first, we're going to start with trying to explain where the hell the US and Iran are, what it comes to a possible piece deal or ceasefire extension or something. After this weekend of furious social media diplomacy from Donald Trump, there were like announcements and background briefings that the deal was almost done. Then there were walkbacks of those announcements and then we woke up today to air strikes. So, all of it's very confusing. Maybe it was all just a excuse to skip Donald Trump Jr.'s wedding. We don't know. Maybe it's a both-and there been, you know? - Quite plausible, actually. Quite plausible. I mean, consider the lengths you would go to to skip Donald Jr.'s wedding. - Almost anything. Yeah, I might start a war with the rhymes. - Skip Donald Jr.'s wedding. There went a bid farewell to the now former director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard. I don't know if she's resigned yet or if she put her letter out. We'll reflect on her time as the nation's top spy. Then we're gonna walk through Pope Leo's treatise on artificial intelligence. Very interesting document. Very long, interesting document. I will update you on US Armed Sales to Taiwan. This growing Ebola outbreak in Central and Eastern Africa. And then our guest today, like I said, is Ben. We're gonna talk about his new book. All we say, the battle for American identity, a history in 15 speeches. It is available right now, right Ben? You can go right now to any store by your book. You can walk out of your house after this podcast and buy it. You can order it. It's great. I desperately want people to buy it because I worked on it for four years and you are the audience world those for everything I do. And today Wednesday, the day this podcast comes out, I'll be at politics and prose in D.C. I'll be in Miami at books and books on Friday night and choral gables. And I will be in Nashville at Parnassasites on Monday night. And I'll be at the Cleveland Public Library on Tuesday night. So, if you're in any of those places, come check it out. - Go see Ben for there. Also, pause the podcast right now by a book. We're gonna also, at the end of the episode, focus on two chapters in the book. There's two major speeches, foreign policy speeches, one by FDR, one by Reagan. So we'll talk about those. We'll talk about the art of speeches and leaders moving people or nation through their words in this day and age. But either way, congrats on this sucker coming out Ben. And I'm excited to read your book on AI Lego remakes and their role in your history in about a decade from now, 'cause you know. - That's the next one. - Yeah, that's where it's going. - Things are moving fast. Also, thank you all for listening to Potsay the World. Please subscribe or follow the Potsay the World wherever you get your podcasts or on YouTube. It helps us grow the show. It helps us reach more people. Ben, I think that our growth on YouTube is 90% responsible for the demise of the daily wire. I have no evidence for that claim. But I think correlation is causation, isn't that the other thing they always say? - Yes, I mean, we're clearly part of it. And it couldn't happen to a more deserving guy than Ben Shapiro, and just seeing his audience employed. - Lovely young man. - Another casualty of the Iran War, by the way. - Yeah, by the way. If you want more crooked media, consider becoming a paid subscriber in our friend of the pod community. It's just $9.99 a month. You get ad free episodes, bonus episodes, Potsay of America, you get Dan Fyfe for doing deep dives on polling data and much, much more. So go to crooked.com/friends for more information. All right, let's start with Iran, 'cause it was a very confusing weekend. Then and I were both at John Levitt's wedding, every other couple hours. I was like, "Oh, we have to do a goddamn bonus episode from fucking Santa Barbara, this is a pain in the ass." But no, nothing has been accomplished. So Trump spent the weekend like teasing some sort of announcement that would create like a memorandum of understanding for a ceasefire or a ceasefire extension that would begin a process to permanently end the world with Iran and reopen the street or who moves. But again, like I said, we woke up Tuesday morning with the reports of U.S. air strikes in Southern Iran that sent Com described as self-defense strikes on Iranian boats laying mines, such as perfectly incoherent. On Saturday Trump said the deal will be announced shortly and that the, quote, final aspects were being negotiated. Then on Monday, Ben, he said he was in no rush to get a deal, but if he did, it would either be great and meaningful or there would be no deal. So like, I guys just all over the place. I think trying to walk through all of the back and forth is a waste of everybody's time and just confusing. But the gist of what this deal is supposedly might entail is an end to the war on all fronts, including in Lebanon, unfreezing billions of dollars in Iranian assets. The Iranians apparently want 24 billion. Then Iran would open the street or who moves. The U.S. would end its blockade on the street or who moves. U.S. troops would withdraw from the immediate vicinity of Iran and then the two sides would have 30 to 60 days to negotiate some sort of agreement on the nuclear issue. So they'd be kicking the can down the road on all the really hard stuff. Now, the optimistic case on why this gets done is Trump is desperate for a deal. He knows that high gas prices are basically killing his presidency and all the Gulf countries are begging him to get a deal done, right? So that's optimistic reason. The list of reasons to be pessimistic is a little longer. Ben, tell me if I'm missing anything. First of all, just again on the nuclear front, there has been so much disagreement over what happens with Iran's highly enriched uranium stockpile. Trump does seem to be softening there. He tweeted something, I think I'm Monday or Tuesday, about maybe the H.E.U. getting destroyed in place under IAEA safeguards in Iran. That would be a big shift for him. The Israelis have been intensifying and not winding down the war with Hezbollah and Lebanon. Israel hit more than 70 targets over the last few days. And Netanyahu said, we're not removing our foot from the pedal on the contrary. I said, no press on the pedal even more. Ben, I think we all assume that Iran will want to charge some sort of toll or fee on ships going forward and that's going to be a problem for a lot of parties here. Trump decided to randomly complicate everything by announcing that he's requiring, or he said, I'm mandatorially requesting that all countries signed the Abraham Accords, whatever that means, 'cause why not upend fraught negotiations with that 11th hour ask that no one had. There's no mention in what's been discussed about caps on Iranian ballistic missiles. Remember, we were all told that if they got enough ballistic missiles, they could then just proliferate nuclear material without anyone stopping them. And then finally, Ben, we're seeing all the-- The war mongers and the hawks attack what has been floated, the FDD folks, the right-wing senators, Lindsey Grams of the world, all the idiots that pushed Trump into war in the first place are now mad at him for trying to end it. So sorry for the long wind up there. What are you seeing in terms of the odds of success at this point? And what are the key kind of pros and cons in favor of this getting done that you're kind of evaluating and you try to figure out what's going on? I think first of all, we've seen a repeat of something we've talked about before, which is they probably do get close to some kind of understanding, but there's still outstanding questions and I'll get to what those might be in a minute. But then Trump goes out on true social and he spikes the football in the end zone when he's still on like the 25 yard line and he does it by spinning the best possible deal. And then the IRGC says, wait a second, we didn't agree to that and they kind of yank back the negotiators and then there's an effort to put things together. That's also connected to the fact that Trump is desperate to get some win, some credible accomplishment that will not justify or come close to the objectives he set for the war at the beginning, but that feels different than he fought an entire war and spent hundreds of billions of dollars in pulverized US standing in the global economy to get something that looks kind of like around nuclear deal light. And so that's why he then introduces things like, oh, the pro-Israel people are mad at me. I'll just demand that Saudi Arabia and Pakistan join the Abraham Accords, you know? I don't really know. He did this on a conference call. All those leaders are like, what? What are you talking about? What the fuck? They're not going to do that. That's not going to happen. So he keeps, he cannot come to terms with the fact that the only way to end this war is quite clear, which is you give Iran a significant amount of revenue upfront and lift the blockade in exchange for opening the state of Hormuz. And then you have a separate negotiation in which you get JCPOA light, you know, they ship the HEU out. There's some inspections and some promises from the Iranians to not enrich Iranian for some period of time, again, JCPOA light. And by the way, the Iranians get another tranche of revenue at that point, either from sanctions relief and/or they're going to toll the state going forward. I think that probably the hang up in the negotiations put aside the kind of performative disruption of Trump is the sequencing of this. Trump probably does not want to be seen to be giving the Iranians money upfront to open up to straight. He probably wants them to open the straight first. But the Iranians are sitting there and thinking, well, why would we do that? We have all the leverage. And so I think they're probably sequencing questions that are the actual substantive hang up in the negotiation. But look, this is what a deal will be because Trump doesn't have to use his phrase really any cards. I mean, Tommy, I was even thinking today, like let's say they do this where the Iranians get some money, they open up the straight, the blockade is lifted. And then we're negotiating the terms of a nuclear side of the agreement. That expires in 60 days, which takes you to, I don't know, labor day before a midterm election campaign. Do the Iranians really think he's going to start bombing them again in September? He just, he's walked himself into a dead end and he's not going to get out without being humiliated. And that's it. The choices perpetuate the war, escalate the war, or accept the humiliating reality that you lost the war and the best you're going to get out of it is JCPOA, Iran, deal light. But before we go forward on this conversation, did you and I even talk about the fact that the New York Times reported that the Israelis and the US wanted to install former president Makhmoud Ahmed Zinnichad as president of Iran, but the Israelis bombed his fucking house and like, you know, they killed him. That's a craziest story, craziest plan I've ever heard. Like this guy is an awful person like in 2009, you know, so remember we were talking about, you know, Trump coming to the rescue of the Iranian protesters, this is a guy who crushed a protest movement when he stole an election in 2009, who used to talk about eradicating Israel. He was like a horrible bloodthirsty nationalist and they wanted to install this dude as president of Iran. What on earth is happening? Yeah, that was one of the weirdest stories I've read. There have been two crazy Israeli plans that we've read about in the New York Times, including from Ronan Bergman, who is, I think, byline on both, who's, and it's like the best source. Yeah. Very source. That's right. Yeah. The first is in that situation room meeting where Netanyahu sold Trump on the war. The plan was apparently that Reza Pahlavi, the Shah's kid, was going to, you know, parachute in and run Iran, which is insane that a guy in northern Virginia, who hasn't been in Iran since about the time I was born, is going to take the country over. And then the second is this idea that Ock Medinajad was going to be sprung from house arrest by targeted airstrikes on like his front door, some IRGC goons were hanging out. And then somehow miraculously take over the country. Look, either this is the dumbest, I mean, either of these Israelis are dumber about Iranian politics and then anyone could have ever imagined, or these are kind of weird disinformation things where, you know, they're trying to actually ice Ock Medinajad inside of Iran by putting this out. Either way, it's just bizarre. Yeah. I mean, can you explain to me, like, what is the sequence of events that would take Ock Medinajad from house arrest to running the country via Israeli air force? Right. Where does he, like, rustle up an army on the way to, like, downtown from his house? Yeah. Not in the mix, anything. So, yeah. Look, I mean, that just speaks to the absolutely embarrassing, ridiculous planning and the things that were sold, the ideas that were sold to Trump and the Trump administration and get them into this war. Yes. And also just the wish casting spin that you were talking about from over the weekend. I mean, my favorite tweet from over the weekend, Ben was by a guy named Frank Luntz. Of folks who don't know who he is, he's like a famous kind of like focus group polling research guy in the Republican Party. He tweeted, "I still don't know if this is a bit or not." Inside a reporting from an unnamed White House official says the Iran deal is 95% done. The remaining 5% of negotiations are focused on Iran opening the street of Hormuz and turning over all nuclear materials, like, yeah, the hard stuff. Yeah. He was, quote, "tweeting Scott Jennings," who's the asshole who yells at 21-year-olds and curses at the month's CNN, who remember early on in the war said, he quoted, "He said that a, quote, senior Trump administration official telling me that credible intel indicated that Ron planned preemptive missile strikes against U.S. military targets in the region and against civilian targets as well, so he was trying to sell its on the idea that the war was a preventative one to be that the U.S. was going to get attacked by Iran, which was a total lie. Look, either way, if this gets done, like, they're getting energy flowing, will take months and months. There will be a bunch, there are a couple hundred ships that flow out of the street of Hormuz right away, because those people are desperate to leave. But, like, ships will have to start coming back in to pick up more oil. And those are tankers that are on to other jobs now. They could be halfway across the world. They might still be concerned about the increased political risk of the war restarting, so they're going to think twice about, you know, just running right back to the UAE or wherever they're picking up oil and gas. It's going to take time to get oil and gas. Just reflowing again, an energy to, like, actually transit to where it needs to go. So this is not over in terms of the energy crunch. And then the biggest, like, the hardest part to me, then, is still the Lebanon piece. I mean, Israeli forces on Tuesday were reportedly moving deeper into Lebanon. And they're already holding up to six point miles of territory into Lebanon. And then Hezbollah is also just continually targeting the idea of withdrawing. So everyone's still referring to that as a ceasefire. It's just not. They're killing each other on a daily basis. Netanyahu has an election coming up probably in September or October. The wars in Iran and Lebanon are not seen as completed or successful in any way yet. So he's going to have some real political problems if this thing ends. It looks like a loss for him, but he also has real political problems if he pisses off Trump in any way. So just, anyway, there's so much churn over the weekend, but it just still feels like the whole thing is completely unsettled and probably trending towards the war just kind of bumping along for a while. But who knows? It certainly feels that way. And look, hopefully they pull something out of a hat. But to do that, they'll have to, I think, concede to, you know, some of these Iranian terms about getting money up front, et cetera. The Netanyahu point is really, really important because this is absolutely humiliating to him. All the reporting is that he's panicked, furious, whatever adjective you want to use about it. And tell he is because all of his buddies in the United States are the ones that are posting stuff about how terrible this deal is, right? So it's not a, you know, shock that FDD types and Lindsey Graham and all the people that Netanyahu talks to are raising alarm bells. And the problem for Netanyahu is he cannot run for re-election without some war going on, you know, because that's how he sells himself. I'm this tough guy. And none of the objectives are met, by the way, his bowl is still in Lebanon, the Iranian regime is still in place, the Iranian nuclear program is still in place. And so the scary thing is that if Trump does do some deal, and the Iran war is over, and he tells BB, but under no circumstances are you allowed to bomb Iran, we won't defend you if you do that. Well then, Lebanon. And orgasa or the West Bank heat up. So watch that space, because if there is an arondale of some sort, I worry that actually that's bad for either Lebanon or Gaza for that matter, where there's some reporting that Danielle may want the Gaza Peace Board to find that Hamas has violated that ceasefire because they haven't disarmed. Never mind that Israel has violated it, hundreds of not thousands of times. And I will say that the phrase fragile ceasefire is doing a lot of work in Lebanon. I don't know how one party can say they're putting their foot to the gas and doing dozens of airstrikes and it's not a ceasefire, and that makes it harder for Iran to concede things that Trump wants. Yeah. I mean, for what it's worth, like in my view, the best case outcome for the world is just this war ending as soon as humanly possible. And I understand why people are out there like criticizing Trump for accomplishing none of his goals. I will be too, but I don't think a lot of those goals are accomplishable at this point. And I think I would just rather not see people in Southeast Asia starve to death or have their economy shut down because they can't get oil or gas. I mean, that has to be a part of the calculus going into what you want here at the Al-Qaeda. Yeah. I've seen a couple of Democrats like take this bait of like they're now going to send tough and hawkish and no, I want the word to end. And the minimalist thing where the Iranians get a bunch of money and they open the straight and then they got a bunch more money and they ship the H.E.U. out, that's good. You can welcome that as a good outcome for the world relative to where we are now, while still being able to make a case that the war was catastrophically and historically stupid and set us way back. I mean, two things can be true, that the best possible outcome right now is just getting out of this thing. You don't need to kind of put on your 2002 tough guy, Democratic, you know, talking points head. Like, you should be able to make the case without it. Yeah, that's where I am, too. Well, keep watching this one and update you guys if anything changes. This show is sponsored by strawberry.me. If you're thinking about switching jobs, ask yourself these questions. Am I growing or just repeating the same experience over and over again? So I feel energized by my work, I'm constantly drained and counting the hours until it's over. I'm ready to rock. Do I know what my next career move should be or am I just hoping something better shows up? And if I stay here for another year, will I be proud of my progress or regret staying comfortable depends on the midterms? If you think it might be time for a change, you should talk to a career coach through strawberry.me. Their coaches work with you one-on-one to understand your strengths, identify your gaps and build a clear roadmap toward a career you'll actually be excited about because the biggest risk isn't making the wrong move. It's staying stuck without a plan. Take control of your future at strawberry.me/world. Go today and get 50% off your first coaching session. That's strawberry.me/world. Positive world is brought to you by select quote with so much instability in the global financial market. It's no wonder that many of us are looking for ways to protect our futures. One way you may have forgotten about us through the right life insurance policy, you've heard of life insurance, but did you know it's cheaper than you think? Select quote can show you just how affordable it is. Select quote. For over 40 years, select quote has helped more than two million Americans understand their options to get the covers they need, with over $700 billion in coverage and counting. As a broker, their mission is simple to find either right insurance policy at the best price. Select quote takes the guesswork of finding the right insurance policy. You don't have to sort through dozens of confusing options on your own. Instead, one of their licensed agents will find the right policy at the right price for you, comparing plans from trusted top-rate insurance companies to find a policy that fits your health, your lifestyle, and your budget. Select quote. They shop. You save. Life insurance is never cheaper than it is today. Get the right life insurance for you for less and save more than 50 percent at select quote.com/world. Save more than 50 percent on term life insurance at select quote.com/world. Go today to get started at select quote.com/world. In different news, so it's a sad day for anybody who felt comforted knowing that unqualified weirdos were serving in senior national security positions because, as we said at the top, director of national intelligence, Tulsi Gabbard announced a resignation last week. The stated reason in her letter is very sad and very personal to her. Tulsi said her husband was diagnosed with a rare form of bone cancer. Obviously, that is awful. We wish her the best. We wish her husband the best. However, Trump's staff and Trump's allies were eager to brief the press that they in fact fired her, and that's why she was leaving. One source told Reuters that Gabbard had been forced out by the White House back in April. There were sources telling Reuters that Gabbard could get pushed out in a broader cabinet shake up. In a White House official, told Reuters in a bunch of other outlets that Trump had expressed displeasure with Gabbard and had been asking around about potential replacements. Well, let's set that aside, the reasons for departure. We wanted to celebrate Tulsi's career and tenure in the DNI role in her own voice. Let's watch this little montage of some of her greatest hits. As we stand here today, closer to the brink of nuclear annihilation than ever before, political elite and war mongers are carelessly fomenting fear intentions between nuclear powers. I was at Fulton County, sir, at the request of the president and to work with the FBI to observe this action that had long been awaited. President Obama directed an intelligence community assessment to be created. To further this contrived false narrative that ultimately led to a year's long coup to try to undermine President Trump's presidency. The I.C. continues to assess that Iran is not building a nuclear weapon and Supreme Leader Khmerny has not authorized the nuclear weapons program that he suspended in 2003. Tulsi Gabbard testified at March that the intelligence community said Iran wasn't building a nuclear weapon. I don't care what you said. I think it would be very close to happen. Was it the assessment of the intelligence community that there was a, quote, "imminent nuclear threat posed by the Iranian regime," yes or no? Senator, the only person who can determine in what is and is not an imminent threat is the president. So it's up to us, the people, to speak up and demand an end to this madness. We must reject this path to nuclear war and work toward a world where no one has to live in fear of a nuclear holocaust. Hopefully done, beautiful montage there. For those listening and not watching YouTube, please, again, subscribe to Patsyah the World on YouTube. So the montage starts and ends with this bizarre video that Tulsi released out of nowhere about the threat of nuclear annihilation that apparently pissed Trump off and no one knew what she was talking about. Then it was followed by Tulsi testifying about a little election interference here in the States. It was her accusing Obama of treason or they hit the Obama did treason button at the height of the Epstein stuff, followed by Trump humiliating Tulsi over speaking the truth about Iran's intelligence and then Tulsi subsequently covering up for Trump's lies about the threat from Iran. And then finally, it ended with his image of a tweet Tulsi sent of herself doing yoga on the beach with the caption. My heart is filled with gratitude, a low-hot and peace hashtag 2026, prayer emoji. She sent that as she was being cut out of the planning process around the Venezuela operation. So wonderful stuff there. Then it is very hard for me to decide what part of her tenure is most impressive. Was it hitting the Obama did treason button at the heart of the Epstein Files fiasco? Was it firing officials who produced intelligence products she didn't like? Or was it generally just Tulsi building her career around opposing regime change wars in the Middle East and then helping Trump start and spin one? Did you have a favorite moment or part of her over? Part of the legacy, but I do think actually the last one is the most important one because why is Tulsi gathered in that job in the first place, you know, one because she endorsed Trump and maybe she brought, I don't know, some number of votes his way in a close election. But I think more fundamentally, Tulsi was put at DNI and Joe Kent was put at NCTC, the National Kind of Charism Center those are kind of together with the CA, the two most kind of high profile intelligence community officials. And that was the signal from Trump to MAGA, to kind of the Tucker Carlson we're going to party. Hey, look, I know you don't trust these I see people while I'm putting your people, you know, Tulsi and Joe Kent in charge of these agencies is a signal that I'm going to make good on my promises. Like almost immediately, he turns around, I mean, honestly, my favorite moment, Tommy is the whiplash between her saying, Iran wasn't close to a nuclear weapon, then being forced to walk that back, then being forced to say that the Iranian nuclear program was obliterated and then having to go along and justify a war to destroy the nuclear program that had already been obliterated a year before. So she completely sold herself out, sold her principles out for a whiplash of misinformation and to justify whatever it is that Trump either did or said he accomplished. And look, I think what's consequential about it though is that this move from Trump away from MAGA, core MAGA, anti-interventionist MAGA is now cemented. I mean, they're dunking on her on the way at the door. But without Tulsi, without Joe Kent, who's left over there? It's Marco Rubio, noted Neocon. It's Pete Hegg-Zeth who likes to do Dr. Su's rhymes about bombing other countries. You know, it's John Ratcliffe who's going down to Cuba trying to you know, force a regime change like that There's no maggot people left, you know, yeah She also fired people who released assessments about Venezuela that Contradictored the Trump administration's political claims that the government of Venezuela was controlling trend air Agua so she really covered herself in glory She also reportedly thinks that she can use the DNI platform to run for president someday in the future so Good luck with that. I guess you are kind of like failed and ineffectual and then ultimately Seeming sounds like you were pushed out, but I don't know whatever, but to your point about the who's left I mean the principal deputy director of national intelligence. It's a person named Aaron Lucas He will serve as the acting director. He's a former CIA guy who served on the MSE during Trump's first term But also I think was chief of staff to Rick Rennell who was the sentient Twitter troll who served in a bunch of positions before getting fired from the Kennedy Center So things are going great. Well, I mean, yeah, there is a serious point here, too Which is that job is actually not a policy-making job It's supposed to be about managing the intelligence community effectively. Can you imagine what a complete and utter fucking mess? The intelligence community is because I can promise you there's no way that Tulsi Gabbard or Rick Rennell's former chief of staff Have been doing anything but driving people out who provided assessments that they didn't like yeah And probably alienating You know career operatives who are out trying to run networks that are you know being put at risk by this kind of reckless foreign policy So it will take us a long time to figure out the state of the actual intelligence community never mind by the way Tulsi to further and further ins of Trump's conspiracy theories Craping all over the Russian investigation which was not No, no matter what they say something they came out of Barack Obama said it was something that emerged from within the intelligence community itself Because they saw intelligence about what Russia was doing. So She's probably done significant harm just to the functionality of the intelligence community While not achieving any of her policy objectives including by the way, I should say Not even the kind of participation in the conspiracy theory stuff, right? Like too much fanfare. I mean, maybe I'm tempting fate here But to much fanfare she launched that you know height of the Epstein panic Inquiry into Obama. We haven't really heard much about that. Yeah, I haven't really heard from since I mean Trump did post the same AI image of someone who doesn't look like me in an armed jumpsuit the other day But I mean we're literally reprising the same true social AI slop And you know that Fulton County thing Where she went down to you know get the ballots from 2020 To I guess find out whether Hugo Chavez who was dead, you know manipulated them. I mean where'd that go. So Not a lot of competence Eminating from Tulsa. Yeah, those have not delivered yet. Let's hope knock on wood that remains a case But you know the big thing that she sort of pledged to be her existence built around Avoiding terrible regime change wars in the Middle East and here we are. So great work. Tulsi Ships and gears again. So there's a new Spicy AI take that just dropped that we wanted to talk about But this was not like your typical kind of add-or-all-fuel AI generated slop From your high school acquaintance on LinkedIn about using Claude for his side hustle We're talking about Pope Leo's 42,300 word encyclical on artificial intelligence. So a papal encyclical is a formal letter written by the pope about some major issue Pope Leo's treatise It's fascinating. It covered the morality and ethics of AI It's use in war. It's impact on democracy in the labor market and really like AI's impact on humanity itself Here's the little bit of what Pope Leo had to say and then we'll talk about some more elements Let's watch artificial intelligence now demands to be disarmed freed from logics that turn it into an instrument of domination exclusion and death That's not fear artificial intelligence, but constantly keep the question of the human in play The person bears within him or herself a freedom An interiority and the vocation to love and worship that no machine can replace or block Every person is unique and irreplaceable A free and intelligent subject with a conscience capable of seeking God Serving one another and caring for our common home I therefore invite all members of the church and of the human family Let us learn to listen to one another Face the present challenge of courage and cooperate in building a more human and fraternal society God still so funny to hear a Pope speaking like slightly Chicago accented English on this account over yet So again, this is a huge document 42,000 plus words Covered a lot of stuff, but just a few things that jumped out of me then I want to I'd love to hear what you heard about it I mean first of all it was just it was so rare and interesting to hear someone talk about artificial intelligence from a truly global perspective And only about its impact on humanity There's almost always some element of economic competition from the companies or like nationalism and competition from political leaders Like we got to beat China. We got to do this. There was none of that here. It was just about like the impact on us as humans And that was frankly nice One of the key phrases he used was he talked about the need to disarm AI But it was an expansive definition of disarming so he wrote disarming AI means freeing it from the mentality of armed competition Which today is not limited simply to the military context but is also an economic and cognitive phenomenon This entails a race for ever more powerful algorithms and larger data sets driven by the desire to secure geopolitical or commercial dominance Disarmed does not mean rejecting technology for preventing it from dominating humanity very important idea there He was adamant that artificial intelligence is not alive or human He said so-called artificial intelligence do not undergo experiences. They do not possess a body do not feel joy or pain Nor do they have a moral conscience since they do not judge good or evil grasp the ultimate meaning of situations or bear responsibility for consequences He was pushing hard for moral standards for AI saying We cannot be satisfied with merely calling for the moralization of machines Without also having the courage to insist on further condition the possibility of openly discussing The ethical frameworks involved in subjecting them to shared standards of social justice And then again when it comes to war he wrote No algorithm can make war morally acceptable AI does not remove the intrinsic inhumanity of conflict indeed it can only bring about conflict more quickly And render it more impersonal lowering the threshold for resorting to violence transforming defense into threat prediction and thus reducing victims to data And he seems to argue that The use of AI and war is even greater atrocity than standard war so One of the founders of Anthropic Chris Ola also spoke the timing of all this was interesting This was released on the 135th anniversary of Pope Leo the 13th in cyclical about the industrial revolution More recently it comes after Anthropics fight with a pedagon about the use of its technology and war And then there was all these reports like a week or two ago That the Trump administration was going to release an AI executive order that might have started to regulate the industry a little bit but apparently David sacks And a bunch of industry douchebags got it spiked because of concerns about you know the economic race So then huge document super interesting stuff. Would you make of what you read? Yeah, no, I actually spent a lot of time with this uh, I think it's it's it's very important And it's also very Appropriate that we're talking about it on this podcast because AI is going to be globally transformative And uh put aside the opportunities of You know industrial efficiency and robotics and you know a chatbot who can do your PowerPoint presentation and all the rest of it The risks are extraordinary And Pope Leo goes through some of them um to include obviously the societal impacts of job dislocation The kind of societal and psychological impacts on on children Some of these security risks he highlighted uh, the risk of militarized AI And he he spoke about something that was in that enthropic fight with the Pentagon that need to have human beings in the loop On the use of any lethal weaponry. So in other words, AI is not making decisions about killing people You know, you can add to that from a national security perspective the risks of AI Generating recipes for biological weapons and new pandemics or being somehow involved in nuclear command and control So there are all these risks and the reason I found this so interesting Tommy is that In in normal times right as recently as 15 years ago This would have been a subject of massive global convening You probably would have had Summits taking place with world leaders you probably would have had the united nations Taking some role in the formulation of if not treaties at least the development of standards you probably would have had Some effort to standardize AI safety Regulations across the globe the kinds of things for instance that Rishi soon act actually is only person who had like an AI safety summit towards the end of his tenure But the kinds of things were being discussed and that were being discussed in the latest enthropic model You know governments testing AI models before they were released and testing them on some agreed upon set of standards for what you're looking out for You said you're the opposite you the united states like JD Vance running around the world like lecturing anyone that tried I just slow down the advancements of the technology. It's like we're just completely, we're just arsonists in this whole conversation. - That's right. And so what I found so refreshing about what the Pope did once again, good Pope we've got here, is he's kind of speaking obviously for the church, which is going to be interacting with this, with their parishes. But he's also kind of speaking for everybody, 'cause I think people everywhere are like, what the fuck is going on? This is moving way too fast. It feels really risky. We're not asking for this. - Yeah. - And he's one of the few people in the absence of an international community, in the absence of leaders meeting, in the absence of the United Nations playing a functional role, who is left, who can step into this gap and fill this void, and speak with some kind of moral authority and institutional authority as the leader of the Vatican. And so I thought it was very interesting to see how much this broke through. It speaks to the desire, I think people feel, for moral and global leadership on this issue. - Yeah, and how much people just don't trust the technology companies, who are obviously like, I feel like, I don't know, I feel this backlash brewing within myself then, which is like so many of the same people that did grave damage to our society, to young people, to our economy, through social media, and consolidation of technology power around advertising are now running it back, and in charge of artificial intelligence, with even fewer safeguards. And it's like, well, why are we letting this happen? And it's nice to hear the Pope come out and talk about all of this in such a holistic way. I think what's really notable is, look, Anthropic played a role in this. Anthropic is coming out with kind of their hands up and saying, please, please regulate us. You know, like, we know how to build this technology, we need somebody else to control it. Because if not, it's gonna be a race to the bottom. And if you look at Elon Musk or Mark Zuckerberg, you know, these kinds of guys that built other platforms, like you said, that had caused huge destruction in the world, mainly advertising models and social media that fuel polarization, those are not the people that you want self-regulating. That's who JD Vance wants in charge, because JD Vance is backed by Peter Teal and, you know, Mark and Dreson and people like that, who are just pouring money into AI and want it to be totally unregulated. But I think what you're seeing, there's the AI populism is here. And whoever steps in to fill the void and offering ideas for both regulation and constraints and guardrails and also just frankly, a conversation about what the hell is going on, there's gonna be a huge appetite for that. And so the Pope's done it, message to any Democrat who's thinking of running for president like get to where the Pope is on this stuff. - Yeah, exactly. And the credit to the anthropic founder who was there, Chris Ola, for saying, you know, the conversation about AI has got to go beyond just kind of like computer coders and technology experts. It has to include religious leaders, civil society, scholars, governments. It's just so frustrating to have that fall on deaf ears, at least here in the United States. And just see, you know, all these companies are American for the most part. And our country is just the least helpful of all of them. So good, more of this from the Pope. (upbeat music) - Parts of the world is brought to you by Helix. Sleep is very, very important. I mean, I had like three or four glorious days where I was getting like seven hours. And last night it was like sub five for no reason. For no reason. - I know I had six. - Do you know what guarantees a bad night's sleep? A bad mattress. You'll get back pain, you'll be sweaty. You can't move around. It's just awful. Helix will get you a great mattress and they make by mattresses easy. Take the Helix sleep quiz and it'll match you with the perfect mattress based on your personal preferences and your sleep needs. Helix delivers your mattress right to your door with free shipping in the United States. He happy with Helix guarantee offers a risk-free customer first experience as I do ensure you're completely satisfied with your new mattress. So you can rest easy with seamless returns and exchanges. Plus, Helix offers 120 night sleep trial and limited lifetime warranty. We have a Helix mattress at our house. It is incredibly comfortable. Everyone who ever sleeps on it says, "Hey, what a comfy mattress, where'd you get it?" And I say, "Helix." And I say, "What?" And I say, "They shipped right to your door." Super easy. Take a little quiz about a being by the boom comfort. Where Helix family, Helix family. Go to helixsleep.com/world for 27% off-site wide. At helixsleep.com/world for 27% off-site wide, this offer is exclusive to our listeners. Make sure you enter our show name after checkout so they know we sent you helixsleep.com/world. Potay the world is brought to you by Simply Safe. Most traditional security systems on the market lock you in long-term, multi-year contract with huge cancellation fees. Simply Safe is different. They earn your trust by providing effective 24/7 professional monitoring. It's actually affordable and they do it without roping you into a long-term contract. As you know, John Levin set up a Simply Safe System himself. He said it was super easy to do. It took him no time at all. There were the top of the line sensors. You'd turn it off and on for your phone. It keeps the whole family safe. It's just a great product. And Simply Safe is more than just a security camera. It's a comprehensive system of sensors and indoor outdoor cameras that protect you against intruders, fires, and floods. The system is fully customizable to fit your exact needs. It's fast and it's easy to set up on your own. There's no drilling required. There's no writing around for a technician to show up. The app-guided installation walks you through the process. You can get your system armed in less than an hour. Simply Safe is backed by 24/7 professional monitoring agents. Dispatch emergency help when you need it. Over 5 million people value and trust Simply Safe for their home security every day. Right now, our listeners will get 50% off a new system when you sign up for a professional monitoring in your first month as free by visiting simplysafe.com/cricketworld. That's half off at SimplySafe.com/cricketworld. There's no Safe, like Simply Safe. [MUSIC PLAYING] Ben, last week we dug into Trump's visit with China. And frankly, at the time said we hoped that AI, coordination, and safeguards would be part of that conversation. But all signs coming out of it was it's kind of just a dud of a meeting except for that the White House was preparing to sell out Taiwan, or at least signaling that, specifically Trump was making comments to the press about using Taiwan Armed Sales as a negotiating chip. That was a quote. The sellout is now official. So last Thursday, Trump's acting secretary of the Navy told the US Senate that the US had paused a recent $14 billion arm sale to Taiwan to make sure that quote, we have the munitions we need for Epic Fury, which we have plenty. We're just making sure we have everything. But then the foreign military sales will continue with the administration deems necessary. So it's funny to watch these guys get stuck in their own kind of lies, right? Because he's saying we're not running short of these critical munitions because of the world with Iran. But we need to pause the arm sales to Taiwan in case we are, but we'll be fine, we'll get back to it, right? So they're just tied up in knots. Either way, it sounds like this $14 billion sale is paused. We don't know exactly what's in it. Reuters said it includes air defense interceptor missiles and other kind of big ticket items that Taiwan needs. But that pause comes on top of a nearly $30 billion backlog of US weapons deliveries to Taiwan. So Ben, I mean, as we discuss, the US got pretty much nothing out of this Trump visit. Like there was some egg sales. There was a Boeing airplane announcement that was pretty underwhelming. But it seems like Xi Jinping got a huge concession out of Trump when it comes to Taiwan. And then you're seeing a lot of people point out that they're going to meet three more times this year. She has been invited to Washington, I think, in September. Then there's an APEC meeting and then there's a G20 meeting. And the question I think is like, what happens if Xi uses all of those meetings to signal to Trump? Hey, it would be a really good idea for you to delay or pause or get rid of the arm sales and not piss me off before we get together. Like, what do you think that means if there's just this constant pushing out of these arm sales for Taiwan security? First of all, what's extraordinary about this is he's describing it as a negotiating chip, but he's not getting anything in return. Right. So he's basically negotiating away the US commitment to Taiwan in exchange for having nice photo ops with Xi Jinping. And to people who are skeptical of arm sales, as we often are on this podcast, bear in mind that this is actually under the Taiwan Relations Act, which dates back to the time when the United States formally established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China, China, and de-recognized Taiwan, they passed a law that said that the United States will commit to helping Taiwan defend itself. And so it was up front with China and Taiwan. Part of what we're going to do to kind of maintain peace across the Taiwan Strait is make sure that Taiwan can sufficiently defend itself against an invasion. Nobody on Earth thinks Taiwan is going to like use those weapons to attack China. It's purely for their defense as a means of preventing a war. Right. The more Taiwan has got a capable and competent armed forces, the less likely it is that China invades them. So if that gets taken away, if Xi Jinping was able over the course of the year to essentially invalidate the Taiwan Relations Act, and the United States is just holding those weapon systems, but also Trump is signaling, I don't really care about this. I'm willing to trade this away for, I don't know, some Boeing planes and some Ag deals. It leads to a very dangerous last two years of the Trump administration during which Xi Jinping might think to himself, well, look, not only do the Taiwanese not have defense capabilities that were promised them, but Trump is clearly not interested in defending them in any way. So this is my window, 2027 and 2028, to do something. And that something could be everything from an invasion of Taiwan to like a blockade of Taiwan, which is another scenario where they're just squeezing and squeezing and trying to force them to capitulate. That's clearly the play that China is running, and it's not clear what Trump is trying to get in exchange for this huge gift to the Chinese. - Yeah, that's the part I'm really struggling with, because there's just nothing he's even been floating, floated that of what we might get in return, and yet at the same time, Trump is just kind of like casually upending decades of diplomacy with Taiwan. I mean, we played, I think we played last week, the clip of Trump not only threatening that David Sanger of the New York Times reporter and accusing him of committing treason, but also Sanger was like, "Hey, you said that you negotiated over arms sales "with Taiwan, Rashid and Ping, "but as part of the six assurances that the US made "to Taiwan in 1982, that's not supposed to be a part of it." And Trump's response was like, "Oh, what am I supposed to give a shit "about some document from 1982?" And it's like, yeah, that's usually, like those six assurances were kind of like the foundation of the modern US-Taiwan relationship, and a lot of that has been codified into diplomatic agreements and Congress and the Taiwan Relations Act. So it's like, but he's just kind of upends the table and seemingly either doesn't know or doesn't care what he's doing. - And those agreements, and that law, the Taiwan Relations Act and all those agreements, are designed again to prevent the war, because it's meant to make the war seem costly enough to China that they won't do it. If you stack up the Iran War, the legal war that we launched in Iran, the Ukraine War, well, she's sitting there in Beijing and thinking, nobody else is following any rules, and these guys are rug-pulling Taiwan, and maybe this is the moment to make a move. And Trump doesn't seem to be in the slightest bit considering that likelihood. - Yeah, it's bonkers. Also, there was a report in the financial times that apparently one of the most heated part of the Xi Trump meeting was Xi talking about Japan remilitarizing, and I don't know if you caught this, Ben, so it's just sort of interesting if that's gonna be another flashpoint soon or suggest it might be. - That may be the next one up, but the reality is I think Japan's gonna rearm no matter what. Could you describe what Trump's vision of this very volatile region where you have Japan, Taiwan, North and South Korea, and China, all in close proximity? - No. - Right, the goal there is to keep a lid on that. And I think Trump doesn't understand that by walking away from all of America's commitments, by pulling military hardware out of South Korea, and clearly not giving a shit about the South Koreans, he's making them vulnerable to North Korean aggression, and the same way that he's doing that to Taiwan, and then potentially Japan next. I see why Xi Jinping's doing it, get America out of my neighborhood, and I want freedom of action. It doesn't mean he's gonna invade Japan necessarily, but it does mean that he wants to be the dominant military power there, which could lead to military action so it'll land Taiwan. - Yeah, and then it just them constantly bullying random other countries in the region about islands and access to the fisheries, South China Sea, yeah, it's accurate, nothing good. All right, Ben, so this next story is one we'd hoped we didn't have to cover, but this Ebola outbreak and the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda has really gotten big and out of control, and it does feel like it's important to update everyone on it. So the World Health Organization has now classified the outbreak as a, quote, public health emergency of international concern. That's a not below a pandemic in their UN alert system. And the International Rescue Committee said on Tuesday that the outbreak could become the deadliest outbreak on record without urgent international action. So far, there's been more than 900 suspected cases and 222 deaths. There's a few factors making this outbreak worse than normal. The first is that it was just caught pretty late. So the response is likely weeks behind the spread of the virus at best. Second, there's no vaccine or effective treatment for this particular strain of Ebola. That's usually a critical tool of sort of putting a ring around an outbreak and stopping the spread and protecting, you know, frontline healthcare workers. Third, these cases are mostly in Eastern Congo, which is an active conflict zone, where there's very limited health infrastructure. Wait, wait, wait, wait, I thought he ended that war. Oh yeah, we did end that war, you're right, my bad. I take that all back. Millions of people have definitely not been displaced there. And then fourth, you know, you have these healthcare workers who are trying to battle the virus itself, but they're also dealing with traditional customs. Like for example, there's a tradition in the region of like touching the corpse one last time at a funeral. And that is just the worst possible thing you could do to spread the disease. Then there's also local distrust of foreigners and healthcare workers who are often blamed for the virus and attacked by individuals, even though they're just trying to treat them. And then fifth, we have Trump and Elon Musk dismantling USAID and just destroying, you know, global health response infrastructure and preparedness and Trump withdrew the US from the World Health Organization. So there's less coordination and communication. So great work all around gang. Who could have seen this coming, everybody? The US has already restricted travel to the US from people who have been to the affected areas. There's increased screening and airports. So the risk of an Ebola outbreak coming to the US and spreading in the US is still quite low. But it's very likely to get worse in Congo, in Uganda and to spread to other countries in the region like South Sudan. Where it's probably spread already. So Ben, you were around in the Obama administration in 2014 when there was another very serious scary Ebola outbreak. Any lessons from that time worth sharing and kind of like things you're watching here? Yeah, I mean, that was one of the scariest times I was in government because we looked at projections where if the Ebola outbreak wasn't contained, essentially the cases of Ebola went straight up like a hockey stick spreading around the world because these are countries that do not have public health infrastructure. So in addition to the kind of cultural norms you're talking about, they just don't have the infrastructure to deal with it. Now, here's how we dealt with it at the time and that speaks to the problems now. Because those West African countries at the time did not have that public health infrastructure, the United States worked through the World Health Organization to build literal public health infrastructure in the affected countries. It used, we used USAID in conjunction with the United States military to help facilitate the construction of logistics hubs, hospitals, mobile health units, to transport health care workers from around the world, to the effective region, to get other countries through the WHO, to contribute everything from health care workers to money, to equipment. I think you can see where I'm going with this, Tommy. The World Health Organization is the vehicle through which the international community responds to an outbreak like this. And the United States is no longer in the World Health Organization. USAID was the funding mechanism to provide public health assistance to countries that need to build public health infrastructure. USAID does not exist anymore. The diplomacy required to galvanize collective action from all these different countries, both in terms of surging resources to Africa, but also in terms of kind of coordinating, how are we dealing with flights, how are we dealing with quarantine policies? That requires very careful diplomacy at a time when the United States doesn't even have an ambassador in, I think, over 100 countries. So, I mean, this is not us gratuitously serving to knock Trump. I mean, this is literally a perfect storm of the precise capabilities are needed to contain and deal with an Ebola outbreak, have actually been systematically dismantled by Trump intentionally. And we're kind of just going to have to hope that other countries are able to deal with this because I don't really see any credible blueprint for how the Trump administration is going to do it. I mean, there's no permanent CDC head. There's no permanent director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Bobby Kennedy is a clown and he's running around Dr. Oz's porch, like catching snakes with his hands and filming it for TikTok, like, this is, yeah. We have a bunch of idiots running public health infrastructure. Is that what that was? I saw that. Why is he picking up a snake? What are you doing, dude? And things like biting him and he's like, look, Cheryl, look what I did. It's a disaster. All right, we're going to do one more dumb thing and we're going to talk about Ben's book. So, Ben, we wanted to play you a clip that you have not seen yet. You have no forewarning about this. And then we want you to try and guess what is happening and why, all right, you game? I'm ready. So, we're going to roll the clip and you tell us what's happening and why. You video on it, son. Oh, my God. It's going to go out again. Any thoughts? Your wildest guest. What is happening is a woman seems to be pulling a car walking backwards while being on fire. That's a gentleman named John Stevenson. He's from West Yorkshire, England. He's pulling a Renault's Clio RS car with his penis. And then someone lights him on fire. And see that twist. Yeah, yeah. For some reason, Ben, this is how this gentleman decided he would quote, raise awareness about prostate cancer and bullying in schools. So, we slaughtered this into the pod safe the world run down because it happened in England, I guess. Where does Michael find these signs? I have the New York Post is actually the answer on this one. What does that have to do with bullying in schools? and how are those linked? - Can I just recommend? and that there are alternative ways of generating awareness. - That would be my take. - It don't involve being lit on fire or using that particular part of your body to pull a car. - Yeah, I pulled a car with my testicles before and I pulled a car on fire. So I thought why not combine both, but this time I'll do it with my penis. I won't lie, it did hurt quite a bit, but my mind was focused on being on fire. Actually, here's actually what he had to say about the experience when he was asked about it by TMZ. - I don't plan on having any more kids guys and it's just hanging about, so I thought I put it to work. - I thought I put it to work. - Well, maybe I will say labor is looking for a new prime minister. - Yeah. - We wear this man's politics because he's clearly willing to engage in the attention economy in a way that the current labor leadership doesn't seem to be. - Putting it on the line, yeah, no, that's more of a lib demo of pulling a car with your flaming dick. Anyway, we thought that would be fun. All right, we're gonna take a quick break. When we come back, you're gonna hear my conversation with Ben about his new book in some incredibly important foreign policy speeches in history and the artist's speech writing generally. So stick around for that. (upbeat music) Potay, the world is brought to you by Haya. We're only beginning to understand the impact ultra-processed foods have on our health and especially the health of our kids. That's why Haya exists to give parents a real solution in a market flooded with kids' vitamins that prioritize candy like appeal over actual nutrition. Some children's vitamins on the market today contain up to seven grams of sugar per serving and are stuffed with artificial additives and petroleum-based dyes. Haya took the opposite approach. Zero sugar, zero gummy additives, just clean nutrition. Working alongside pediatricians and nutrition scientists, Haya created a powerful, chewable vitamin that packs a blend of 12 organic fruits and vegetables with 15 essential vitamins and minerals into every dose. It's designed for kids to and up. Haya ships straight to your door, you get this great reusable bottle with your first order and they send refills every month. It's one less thing to remember at the store. John, I know you're a Haya house. - Yeah, we love Haya vitamins. Charlie loves Haya vitamins and he especially likes the fact that there's no petroleum. - Yeah, he's not a big oil guy. And here's something every parent needs to hear. If getting your kids to eat vegetables feels like an impossible daily battle. - It all does. - Haya's new kids daily green and super foods that a total game changer. It's basically chocolate milk stuffed with veggies. It's a green pattern design, that's really good. Designed specifically for kids, packed with 55 or more whole food source ingredients, just mix a scoop with milk or milk alternative and watch them actually enjoy something that's secretly fueling their growing bodies. We've worked out a special deal with Haya for their best-selling children's vitamin receive 50% off your first order. To claim this deal, you must go to hayahealth.com/world. Steel is not available on the regular website. Go to hayahealth.com/world. Get your kids a full-body nourishment. They need to grow into healthy adults. (upbeat music) - All right, Ben and Louv are standard interview this week. We wanted to talk about your new book. I'll always say the Battle for American Identity, a history in 15 speeches. Again, it is out today as we're recording this Tuesday, May 26th. So go pick one up before they're sold out. Get 'em while you can. - Yes. - So Ben, the book is focused on great speeches in American history. You got examples from Ben Franklin, Abraham Lincoln, Frederick Douglass, FDR, Dolores Huerta, Reagan, Obama, Trump. Sometimes it can feel like in 2026, a speech is an inachronistic communications tool, especially when you have a president like Trump, who can barely get a sentence out sometimes, who puts zero effort into writing his own remarks, writing his vamits, whatever it comes to his mind. Like, he can entertain the audience, but he's not like moving masses per se. But at the same time, it is easier than ever to consume a great speech on YouTube, to share a great speech on TikTok or Twitter or Instagram or whatever. So I just don't like where you, how you think about the speech, the presidential speech, as part of the communications toolbox these days. And whether you think like, you know, a great future president, a John Assof for president could kind of like, bring the speech back. - Yeah, so first of all, what I did in kind of curating 15 speeches, I wanted to tell the entire story of American history through speeches. And I particularly wanted to focus on speeches that dealt with the matter of American identity. What is American? Who is an American? How do we decide that question? Because that's essentially the kind of core of the argument that we're having now, and that we've been having throughout our history. Speeches are this venue, precisely because the United States is not just like a particular territory. We were 13 states, for instance, at the beginning, right? We're not a particular ethnic group. We are a country that is committed to a set of ideas. So speeches have been this venue where we work out who we are, and we work at our differences. And we tell stories about what it means to be American and what we stand for in the world. And so each of the speeches, starting with Ben Franklin at the Constitutional Convention, deal with this question of who are we? And I dealt with both sides or all sides of that argument. I think the thing I found that was really interesting, Tommy, that you learn things that you didn't expect to learn. How much technology changed how people engage in that? So in Ben Franklin's day, the audience was in the room, but you knew that the speech was going to be reprinted in a newspaper. So you wrote these kind of carefully worded arguments. You get to Frederick Douglass' time. Douglass is hitting the road. He's delivering the same speech hundreds of times, going town to town as a performer, and a celebrity, frankly. But that's how a lot of reform movements, and I deal a lot with each chapter is not just about a speech, it's about the life of the person who gave it and the movement that led into that speech. That's how movements got built for things like abolition and women's rights. - And that existed through Reagan, right? 'Cause he was giving speeches to like every GE plant in the country for a while, he's like a paid flag for them. - There's an American tradition of that, right? And that's how presidential candidates hit the stump. Then you get radio, and you get FDR, and you get this kind of plain-spoken explanation of things. You get TV, and you get spectacle, right? Charisma, Kennedy, and King, standing there and delivering a message that everybody can see. Now, to get to where we are today and your question, with internet and social media, we've been so chopped into algorithmically divided tribes that all we see are like bits and pieces of clips that are designed to kind of either reinforce our views or trigger us to kind of hate the other side. And Trump has been the perfect politician for that medium, right? He'll give a one-hour rally speech, but he doesn't give it for the full hour, except for the audience in the room. He knows that clips are gonna travel around the internet. I actually believe, though, I truly believe this, that a lot of Democrats, like from Gavin Newsom on down, you know, are trying to mimic elements of Trump's communication, clap back on social media, or they're making pithy social media videos. That's great. I think people should do those things. But actually, the counter-programming that's needed, and one of the reasons I think people feel like, "Hey, what are the Democrats actually stand for?" is since Obama and Reagan did this very well, too. We haven't had a politician provide an alternative story to Trump's, like about the big questions, not just about like, you know, ACA subsidies, or even the war to run, but about like, where is this country going? 'Cause it feels like it's gone out track. And how can I make you believe that we can get to someplace better? I think we're starting to see like a, our guy John Assoff, who was in our Tulsi clip. He's beginning to do this, but I truly believe that the counter-programming to the Trump era is actually to stand up and tell a story to Americans that can resonate. And as you know from doing communications, if you get that story right, that's like the trunk of the tree, and then all of your interviews, all your social media videos, all those other, your podcast appearances, come on, pod say the world presidential candidates, they kind of, they go out from that speech, and say in a way that Obama would have a stump speech, and then, you know, you're repeating bits and pieces of that when you go out and communicate. - Yeah, you need to have a big picture in a vision, and usually has to be optimistic. You're right, I mean, too many Democrats are focused on just chitting on Trump, which hey, all for that, that's what we do, but you have to have an alternative. - We do it, yeah. One of the speeches that you highlight in the book is FDR's Four Freedoms, State of the Union Address, where he's making the case for a vision. It's against American isolationism. It's advocating to do more to help our allies against Hitler and fascism. In that speech, he talks about the Four Freedoms, Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Worship, Freedom from Want and Freedom from Fear. These were like big, you know, radical ideas. - Yes. - And they created this moral argument for helping fight the Nazis. Can you describe the genesis of the speech and the impact that it had on American public opinion in that critical year before Pearl Harbor is attacked, and we're finally fully pulled into the war? - I thought this was such like a fun chapter to research and write, and it's a deeply world-owned chapter because I'm gonna set the scene for you, Tommy. It is the spring of 1940. FDR has not decided whether or not he's gonna seek reelection to the presidency. In fact, he's indicated that he's not. He's told some of his associates he's not gonna run. Nobody's run for a third term before. And he's giving a press conference at Hyde Park, which is going to be his presidential library. So this guy's already thinking past his presidency. And he's literally giving a tour to the assembled press and he's showing them, you know, his book collection, his memorabilia collection. and here's where you're going to be able to come and visit these things. And he has said those things. that the one thing that would make him run is if the war compels him to run. And at that point, the Nazis are just beginning to march across Europe, the Japanese are beginning to march across China. And someone asks him, "Hey, what's your national defense strategy?" And you'll like this 'cause you've been in press conference prep. You know, he gives a kind of wrote answer. And then at the end, he says, you know, the fascists stand for all these horrible things. And he says, I think, you know, we stand for four freedoms. And he lists four freedoms and it's freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom from fear, and freedom of information. And then a reporter says, what about freedom from one? And he says, that's good, five freedoms, right? And then we don't really hear much about that. He decides to run for re-election. He has a hard fought campaign for him. He wins. And like shit is going south fast. Like the Nazis have conquered France. The Japanese haven't conquered Paul Harbour yet, but the democracies aren't looking good. And so he has to give a speech to Congress in which he makes the case for the Leninese program. That's basically writing a blank check to the Brits to stay in the war. And that actually became a blank check to the Soviets, too. He's facing a very determined isolationist movement that has literally tied his hands. Congress had refused to allow him to provide that assistance. They had legislated and mandated that Britain had to take ships all the way over the United States, load the ships with weapons, pay for the weapons, and go back. They didn't have the money. They didn't have the ability to do that. So this is high-stakes stuff, Tommy. He gives a great speech about what's wrong with isolationism in the America First Movement. So a lot of echoes of today that you would find interesting. Then he kind of makes the case for his policy. But the night before the speech, he had gathered his speech writers in the Oval Office. And he said, I have an idea for an ending. I want to go back to those four freedoms. And he kind of dictates out this ending. And freedom of information gets collapsed with freedom of speech, so that's how you get four. And what I find so interesting about this, Tommy, is that he intuitively understood as a politician. I'm about to ask people to do really hard fucking shit. Like, not only have to pay for all this arsenal of democracy, but we're probably going to be in this war. People are going to fight for it. And it's not enough for me to just give people, you know, a good policy program. I have to give them a sense of meaning. What is this all about? And he basically makes the purpose of America at home in the world these four freedoms. And that becomes something that people could take into the trenches with them. That becomes something that was in Norman Rockwell paintings and posted stamps. People got it that this was who we are. This is what we stand for. Hitler stands for that. We stand for this. And it also informed became the basis of the entire post-war international order. The four freedoms are embedded in the UN charter. So he literally, you won't talk about consequential. He not only kind of spoke America into a new purpose that became the purpose of the post-war order, it just shows you what a politician of that caliber can do with words. - Yeah, the meme everyone always posts of the one guy standing up, kind of looking out, given the speech is a Rockwell four freedoms poster that is repurposed today to annoy people on X. So yeah, enduring. You also did a chapter on Reagan's famous evil empire speech. This was a speech from 1983 that is mostly red meat for a bunch of right-wing evangelical conservative Christians about domestic stuff, abortion, prayer insoles. And then it concludes with this final third about communism, the threat from communism, and it uncoorks this big attack on so-called appeasement of communism. I'd love to hear your thoughts on Reagan's decision to kind of jam all that together into this one speech. But also, there's a section of this speech that is just genuinely insane to me that I couldn't get over. It's Reagan telling the story where he claims that some prominent man in the entertainment industry was talking about communism and said, quote, I love my little girls more than anything else, but I would rather see my little girls die now still believing in God than having them grow up under communism and have them one day no longer believing in God, that's the end of the quote. As a father of two, as a human being, a normal person, I found that sickening and psychotic and also probably didn't happen because Reagan's a congenital liar, but the audience applauded both times in the story that he was recounting and also in that hall where Reagan was speaking. What the hell? - So I actually have a very clear explanation for this time. And I was surprised by what that speech actually was 'cause I had only heard about it as the villainpire speech. But actually, again, it was a speech about American identity. And again, I tell the story of Reagan's whole life in his political journey and the coalition he builds. And what Reagan built was the version of the Republican party that melded together Christian evangelicals, national security hawks and small government free market people. And that speech is in miniature and one container, his whole coalition because he's giving that speech to the National Association of Evangelicals. It's a constituent event. The first two thirds of that speech is just red meat served up to that audience. He talks about the need to abolish abortion. He talks about the need to prosecute people that provide reproductive health care to girls without the consent of their parents. All these kinds of things that actually became, unfortunately because of Donald Trump, the law of the land or at least in some states. But then, so what he does very deftly, actually, is he pivots out of this religiosity. And by the way, also condemns not just Godless communism, but the Godless bureaucracy in the United States government. That's the small government stuff, right? We don't want these secular bureaucrats making decisions for us, you know, you should be making it. So that when he gets the Soviet Union, that's his frame. We are a Christian nation that believes in God and instead of Christian values. They believe not in God, but in man. So the reason they're an evil empire is because they're not Christian like we are in the way that we are. And so it's a red meat speech that ties together the whole Reaganite project of Christian conservatism and national security hawkishness and small government. That's an identity for this country that Reagan kind of spoke into a coalition. What I found more positive about Reagan, that's interesting, is if you follow the story out of the speech, Reagan actually had a pragmatic streak. Michael Gorbachev comes along. He's like, well, I can deal with this guy and I don't want to have a nuclear war. And he became a dove. And you should see the freakouts of Republicans were having as he was negotiating arms control agreements with Gorbachev. He goes to Moscow in 1988 and is asked, do you still believe in the evil empire? And he says, no, I don't think it's an evil empire. That was just something I said at that time. So his actual strength as a leader was being able to walk away from that. I think the dangerous thing that I took out of that, though, is that that idea of a godless enemy that is evil after the Cold War, some of those right-wing evangelicals just turned their fire on guys like us, the secular technocrats, right? But I mean, I learned so much from taking that journey. Yeah, it's a fascinating story. I mean, I guess my takeaway to wrap this up a little bit was after reading both of those speeches. I mean, it's two presidents coming from totally different political parties and ideological perspectives. But reading both of their speeches kind of left me feeling ashamed when I thought about the words and the policies they're espousing and their commitments to fighting fascism and promoting freedom is imperfect as those efforts could be. What I now think about how Donald Trump is just hanging Ukraine out to dry. And we're watching, you know, Russia pound Kiev with, you know, intermediate range ballistic missiles that could be fitted with a nuclear warhead if Putin so chose. And look, obviously, like all these issues are more complicated than Reagan made them out to be, right? It wasn't good versus evil or black versus white. But FER and Reagan spoke about a commitment to values. And it's like that is just gone. It just doesn't, it's not a thing. That's right. I had the same feeling because even Reagan, I don't agree with a lot of his approaches and politics. But I did appreciate that there was a values proposition to foreign policy that we wanted to stand for a set of things in opposition to a totalitarian system. And FER certainly spoke to me. When Trump talks about Iran, he talks about the nuclear dust or he talks about, you know, the state of Hormuz. We've just drained the values proposition out of everything we do. And I think that's one reason, again, why Americans feel so demoralized and disoriented? Because what is this all about? Because it just, without any values proposition, it's just about pure power and pure transactionalism. And in Trump's case, like personal power and transactionalism. Yeah, and just stealing resources. I mean, we're going to run, take in the oil, we're picking who the leaders are, it'll be total surrender, give us your dust, give us everything we can do whatever we want. But yeah, I mean, at least, I don't know, it's at least that signal he was trying to send to the world about our ability to just be a global bully is not working out, maybe it'll rein them in a bit. Yeah, but I think, again, it means that things are ripened for someone to come along. And not in, I want to be clear, they're like, you know, Joe Biden would do the pap, like, you know, he would mow the words about indispensable nation or, but it wasn't like, it didn't hang together as a story. You know, I mean, look, I appreciate, I'm glad Joe Biden brought some values based rhetoric to things. But, but the four freedoms is, is a coherent and potent story about what you can stand for in the world. And we need a new story. It's not as simple as Democrats standing up again and saying, America's the indispensable nation. We stand for freedom, like, like, take the Pope. The Pope is telling a story in that encyclical about being a human being, you know, in the 21st century with our intelligence. It's that kind of story, right? It's one that meets people where they are now. It's not just kind of replaying the hits, the speeches that move things forward, like evil empire. That was new for freedoms. That was new. Like, we need a new story that people can tell in this country and around the world. And just being nostalgia and looking back and, you know, we were great once. Let's get back to that. It's got to be something new and bigger. Yeah. The book, again, all we say, the battle for American identity, a history in 15 speeches by Ben Rhodes out today, buy a copy, buy a copy for your friends, buy a copy for your enemies, just buy all the copies, book by him. Congrats, buddy. It's a great book. Excited for you to want to get a second of the world. Potsy, the world is a crooked media production. Our show is produced by a loan of Minkowski, Michael Goldsmith, and the Nisha Bonnergy. Our team includes Matt DeGroat, then Death Coat, Torture Canter, Kenny Moffitt, David Tolls, and Ryan Young. Her staff is probably unionized with the writers killed of America East.