Instrument Approach Review 2020

"Instrument Approaches Boeing 787" Approach landing go-around, Normal Procedures Chapter 6, Non-ILS Section 4, a few quick highlights to remember about Non-ILS Approaches General, do not use flight level change on final approach below 1000 feet AFE. Non-ILS Approaches are defined as RNAV, RMP, RMP, AR, Authorized. Authorization required RNAV, GPS, GNSS, localizer, localizer back course, LDA, SDF, VOR, NDB. Use of HUD during approaches, both pilots will use the HUD if operative. During all approaches, when visibility is less than 4000 RVR, 1200 meters, or 3/4 mile visibility. Use of the autopilot flight director during non-ILS approaches, the autopilot and flight director for the pilot flying must be operable and used when the reported ceiling is less than 1000 feet AGL, or the visibility is less than 3 statured miles, 10,000 correction, 1,000 and 3, and all RNAV, RMP, RMP, AR approaches below RMP 0.3. Navigation display, vertical situation display, the matte mode and VSD must be used for all non-ILS procedures. VNAV, temperature compensation, airplane flight manual. The Boeing 787 has a uncompensated barrel VNAV system. At non-US airports, VNAV instrument approach operations are prohibited unless the altitude corrections are applied to all published procedure altitudes when the temperature at the landing elevation is below the minimum temperature on the approach chart or below zero degree Celsius. If no temperature, minimum temperature is on the approach chart. US RNAV approach procedures that have a published cold temperature limit for LNAV-NAV minimum for uncompensated barrel VNAV systems, LNAV-NAV, not authorized below a given temperature, use LNAV plus 50 feet for the DDA if below the published temperature. RNAV GPS GNSS approach requirements. The minimum RNAV GPS GNSS approach is RMP 0.3. RNAV RMP-RMP-AR, authorized authorization required, approach requirements, the minimum RNAV-RMP-RMP-AR approach authorized is RMP 0.1. The maximum airspeed on the final approach segment of a RNAV-RMP-RMP-AR approach is 180 knots. RNAV-RMP-AR approach temperature limitations. If the actual temperature is outside the specified temperature range depicted on the approach chart, RNAV-RMP-AR approaches are not authored. A note about RMP 0.3 values approaches below. This RMP value required GPS RAIM prediction. The airport-specific receiver autonomous integrity monitoring RAIM prediction is a process conducted by dispatch to determine if there will be sufficient GPS satellite coverage along the approach path for a specific arrival time/window. It is determined there will be insufficient satellites at arrival. Dispatch may delay the flight until sufficient satellite coverage is available or plan the flight based on non-RNAV procedures. VMC conditions. Approaches in VMC conditions may be flown to a RMP value as low as 0.1 without GPS RAIM prediction message on the flight plan/dispatch release. An example might be a visual approach backed up by RNAV-RMP-AR procedure. IMC conditions. RMP 0.3 or greater approaches in IMC conditions may be flown to an RMP value as low as 0.3 provided there is not a GPS RAIM prediction message restricting RNAV operations on the flight plan/dispatch release. RMP less than 0.3 approaches in IMC conditions with A. RMP less than 0.3 require a GPS RAIM prediction message on the flight plan/dispatch release. Use of integrated approach navigation IAN. IAN should be used in place of LNAV and VNAV on the final segment of non-ILS approaches. For IAN FMC based approaches a proper series of legs and weight points describing the approach route including an appropriate vertical path or glide path GP angle must appear on the legs page. A quick note about non-ILS approach minimum decision altitude/derived decision altitude DA and DDA respectively. All non-ILS approaches will be flown to either a decision altitude or a derived decision altitude. When using a published MDA a DDA must be used for minima. Remember DDA is MDA plus 50 feet memory hint DA don't add MDA must do arithmetic non-ILS approach memory aid LVSAFE live safe L select or verify LNAV V select or verify VNAV S indicated airspeed selector push as needed set speed A MCP altitude set minimum F FMA check for engaged modes E approach switch push engage non-ILS approach requirements quick reference general refer to the ops advisory pages -7 in JEPS FD pro for authorized RNAV RMP RMP AR approaches visibility required use approach chart category D minimums temperature if the airport temperature exceeds the approach temperature limitations RNAV RMP RMP AR approaches not authorized RNAV GPS RMP use LNAV DDA MDA plus 50 feet minimums wind till when max 15 knots note may be further limited by performance requirements with less than 4,000 RVR 1200 meters or 3/4 mile crosswind limitation max 15 knots minimum aircraft equipment RNAV RMP RMP AR approaches to PFD MFD displays mini map may be used to autopilot to IRU to GPS no nav single GPS message to FMC no single FMC message to rad out no single source rad out message to flight director no single source flight director message GPS no ground proc system or terrain position message no LNAV inertial system message no nav air data system message RNAV GPS RMP approaches one FMC one CDU one GPS VOR or NDB approaches VOR one VOR is required NDB refer to the ops advisory pages in GEPS FD pro for authorized NDB approaches using RNAV substitute approach procedures autopilot auto breaks autopilot and flight director for the pilot flying must be operable and used when reported ceiling is less than 1000 feet AGR or visibility is less than 3st batch of miles, 1003 and all RNAV RMP AR approaches below RMP 0.3. Autopilot may be disengaged when runway visual references are established with less than 4000 RBR, 1200 meters or 3/4 mile, autobricks 3 minimum if operable, if operative required. Non-ILS approach procedures prior to commencing approach select the appropriate procedure from the current FMC navigation database, verify proper sequence of waypoints in vertical path or glide path GP angle on the legs page. For localizer approaches with the glide slope out or unreliable glide slope prompt, the GS prompt is selected off, approach ref page. To ensure the FMC generated glide path is flown, if an RMP value is specified in the Approach Chart Minimums block, on RMP Prague 4-4 review RAM availability predictions, if required, verify approach RMP 6 left or manually enter RMP 2 left, Barrow Minimums selector set Minimums. Initial maneuvering, appropriate roll mode, appropriate pitch mode, after cleared for the approach, verify final approach navigation source is tuned and identified localizer based approaches. Live safe LNAV select or verify, VNAV select or verify, indicated air speed selector push as needed set speed, MCP altitude set Minimums, FMA checked for engaged modes, verify LNAV is engaged prior to arming approach mode, approach switch push engage, 300 feet below mist approach altitude or GP capture whichever occurs first, mode control altitude set mist approach altitude, passing the final approach fix, final approach path glide path intercept, verify crossing altitude is within 100 feet of charted altitude, passing the final approach fix, final approach point glide path intercept, VNAV path or glide path as required, verify crossing altitude is within 100 feet of charted final approach fix altitude, at Minimums if required to continue below Minimums are satisfied, continue approach and disengage autopilot if engage no lower than 135 feet AGL and maintain stabilized approach to touchdown. If requirements to continue below Minimums are not satisfied, accomplish mist approach. Non-ILS approach go around requirements, a go around is required if the following conditions occur and a visual approach and landing cannot be accomplished, final approach fix crossing altitude is not within 100 feet of charted final approach fix, final approach point altitude, LNAV unable RMP ICAST message is displayed, verify position scratch path message displayed, an amber lateral deviation indication occurs or HUD NPS deviation pointer, blank or deviation bars become hollow and blank after the initial approach fix inbound, an amber vertical deviation indication occurs or vertical track or exceeds plus or minus 75 feet or HUD deviation bars become hollow and blank after final approach fix or glide path intercept, localizer shows full deflection on final approach in FMC, correction IMC if the navigation instrument shows significant disagreement and visual contact with the runway has not been established, focal failure of PFD/MFD displays, single FMC message displays, caution a go around on a RNRNAV RMPAR approach requires strict adherence to the mist approach lateral track, a go around from a curved path requires the crew to ensure the aircraft remains on the depicted ramp track, note if mist approach is coded on legs page ensure LNAV is engaged when passing 400 feet HL autopilot use is recommended for the mist approach, ILS approaches, normal procedures chapter 6 section 7, ILS category 1 ILS approach requirements decision altitude minimum of 200 feet HAT height above threshold visibility approaches may be hand flown chart minimums minimum RVR allowed 3/4 or 4,000 1200 meters touchdown zone 4,000 5/8 or 3,000 900 meters touchdown zone 3,000 1/2 or 2,400 750 meters touchdown zone 2,400 1800 550 meters touchdown zone 1800 RVR takes precedence over prevailing visibility if RVR is report transmissometer controlling touchdown zone mid substitution okay advisory mid rollout and far end wind tailwind max 15 knots note may be further limited by performance requirements with less than 4,000 RVR 1200 meter or 3/4 mile crosswind max 15 knots autopilot auto breaks with less than 4,000 RVR 1200 meter or 3/4 mile visibility autopilot recommended auto breaks 3 minimum if operative lighting category 1 charted minimum 3/4 or 4,000 1200 meter approach the lights not required touchdown zone centerline lights centerline or runway markings required runway edge lights edge lights night required HIRL night or day with RVR minimums 5/8 or 3,900 meters mouse RR Salazar approach lights required centerline or runway markings required edge lights night HIRL night or day with RVR minimum 1/2 or 2400 750 meters mouse R Salazar LSF 1 or 2 or high intensity airport lighting system required touchdown zone centerline lights centerline or runway markings required runway edge lights high intensity runway lighting required 1800 or 550 meters mouse R Salazar ALSF 1 and 2 or HIALS approach lights required touchdown zone centerline lights touchdown zone lights and centerline lights required runway edge lights HIRL required note category 1 ILS approach with 1800 RVR minimums to runways without touchdown zone centerline lights must be flown with flight director coupled to autopilot or FP HUD or DA or MAP unless adequate visual reference with the runway environment or establish that allow the safe continuation to a land category 1 ILS approach crew coordination procedures at approximately 100 feet above decision altitude pilot flying when advised that visual references are in sight confirm requirements to descend below DA or satisfied complete approach and landing when visual contact with the runway is established maintain the glide path to the flare do not duck under the glide path pilot monitoring should expand the instrument scan to include outside visual cues when approaching DA call out visual references when in sight direct primary attention to monitoring instruments category 1 ILS approach go around requirements when on final approach in IMC and either localizer or glide slope indicator show full deflection when the navigation instruments show significant disagreement and visual contact with the runway has not been made Prior to decision altitude, any of the required aircraft or ground equipment fails at decision altitude requirements to continue the approach below DA far 121.651 have not been met. Below DA, a reduction in visual references occurs when which prevents the pilot flying from safely continuing the approach in landing. The captain determines that the landing cannot be safely accomplished within the touchdown zone. Raw data ILS, no flight director, ILS course deviation is displayed on the PFD HUD. The localizer course deviation scale on the primary flight display HUD will remain normal scale during the approach and not change to expanded scale. Begin the turn to the inbound localizer heading at the first movement of the localizer pointer. After course intercept, the track line and readout on the ND may be used to assist in applying proper drift correction and maintaining desired course. Large bank angles will rarely be required while tracking inbound on the localizer. Use 5 to 10 degrees angle of bank. Local Authorization Cat 1, Special Authorization Cat 2, Cat 2, Approach Requirements, Decision Height, Use, Published, R/Visibility Requirements, Special Authorization Cat 1, Flying, Pilot, HUD, and Autoland Require, Chart Minimums, 1400 feet, 450 meters, Minimum RVR allowed, Touchdown Zone 1400 feet, Number, Required, Reports, Touchdown Zone, Controlling, Controlling, Touchdown Zone, No Substitution, Advisory, Mid, Rollout, and Farah, Special Authorization Cat 2, Category 2, Autoland Required below 1800 RVR, Charted Minimum 1400 feet, 450 meters, Minimum RVR allowed, Touchdown Zone 1400 feet, Mid 600 feet, Rollout 300 feet, Required Number, Reports, Touchdown Zone, Controlling, Controlling, Touchdown Zone, No Substitution, Controlling if Reporting, Mid, and Rollout, Advisory, Farah, and Charted Minimum 1200 feet, 450 meters, Minimum RVR allowed, Touchdown Zone 1200, Mid 600, Rollout 300, Required Number, Reports, Touchdown Zone, and Rollout, Controlling, Touchdown Zone, No Substitution, Controlling if Reporting, Mid, Rollout, Advisory, Farah, and, If needed to obtain the required number of RVR reports, the far end may be substituted for the missing rollout, and if it so is controlled. Charted Minimum 1000 feet, 300 meters, Minimum RVR allowed, Touchdown Zone 1000, Mid 600, Rollout 300, Required Number, Reports, Touchdown Zone, and Rollout, Controlling, Touchdown Zone, No Substitution, Controlling if Reporting, Mid, and Rollout, Advisory, Farah, and, Farah, and, May be substituted if missing rollout, and if so it is controlling. Note, if RO is unavailable, Mid or Farah, and, May be substituted, if Farah, and is used must be 300 RVR or greater. When components headwind max 25 knots tailwind max 15 knots may be further limited by performance requirements, crosswind 15 knots. Wait, Dash 8, Autoland not authorized above 380,000 pounds, Dash 9, Autoland not authorized over 425,000 pounds. Runway. Category 2 runway must have a localizer that is identified as being "unusable" inside the runway through "correction" must not have, landing flaps, flaps 20, 25, or 30. Autobrakes, Autobrakes 3 Minimum, if operative. Minimum Aircraft Equipment, below 1500 feet are a Land 2 or Land 3, enunciated on both PFDs or HUDs. Special authorization, Cat 1, HUD is required. Special authorization, Cat 1, Flying Pilot, HUD and Autoland required. Minimum, 1400 feet, 450 meters. Malazar, Salazar, ALSF1/2 or HAHLS. Touchdown zone lights and centerline lights required. Edge lights, high intensity runway lighting. For special authorization, Cat 2 approaches, Autoland required, 1200 feet, 350 meters. ALSF1/2, HAHLS, Salazar or Malazar sequence flashing lights not required. Touchdown zone lights and/or centerline lights may be in operative. Edge lights, high intensity runway lighting system. Category 2, Autoland required. 1600 feet, 500 meters. ALSF2, HAHLS, Sequence flashing lights not required. High intensity runway lighting system. 1400 feet, 450 meters. High intensity runway lighting. 1600 feet, 350 meters. 10,000 feet, 300 meters, ALSF2, HAHLS, Sequence flashing lights not required. Touchdown zone lights and/or centerline lights must be operative. Special Authorization Cat 1, Special Authorization Cat 2, Cat 2 approach go around requirements. If a navigation radio or flight instrument failure which will affect the ability to safely complete the approach occurs in instrument conditions, when on an ALSF2 approach in instrument conditions and either localizer and/or glide slope indicator shows full deflection, when the navigation instruments show significant disagreement and visual contact with a runway has not been made. Below 300 feet are a, if satisfactory tracking performance is not maintained, failure of required aircraft or ground equipment prior to DH, autopilot or auto throttle disengages. If the AFDS status enunciation downgrades below minimum required for approach, add or below 200 feet a master caution light and oral signal. The captain determines that a landing cannot be safely accomplished within the touchdown zone. Special Authorization Cat 1, Special Authorization Cat 2, Cat 2 Summary. Minimum RVR, Special Authorization Cat 1, 1400 feet, 450 meters, AFDS status enunciation, land 2 or land 3 required, approach minimums, Special Authorization Cat 1, with DH, alert height, none, 1600 feet, 1400 feet, 1200 feet, 1000 feet, AFDS status enunciation, land 2 or land 3 required, SA Cat 2, Cat 2 with DH, alert height, none. Equery 3, ILS Approach Requirements Decision height, land 2, 50 feet, land 3, none, unlessed, public, alert height required for Cat 3, land 3, unless a DH is published, 100 feet, radio, altimeter, radio minimums, zero, visibility requirements for a Cat 3 approach. Cat 3, land 2, Chartered Minimum, 700 feet, 200 meters, Minimum RVR allowed, touchdown on 700 mid 700 roll out three. 600 feet 175 meters touch down zone 600 mid 600 rollout 300 300 feet 75 meters touch down zone 600 mid 400 rollout 300 required number of reports for LAN 2 touch down zone +1 controlling controlling touch down zone no substitution controlling if reporting mid and rollout advisory far end category 3 LAN 3 700 feet 200 meters touch down zone 700 mid 700 rollout 300 600 feet 175 meters touch down zone 600 mid 600 rollout 300 300 feet 75 meters touch down zone 300 mid 300 rollout 300 required number of reports any 2 controlling controlling if reporting touch down zone mid and rollout advisory far end notes touch down zone and mid RFR RVR reports must be no lower than the approach chart minimums example for an approach with 700 RVR the minimums are 700 700 300 if the approach chart minimums are lower than this tables minimums then the table minimums apply note if needed to obtain the required number of RVR reports the far end may be substituted for the missing rollout and if so is controlling wind components headwind max 25 knots tailwind max 15 knots may further be limited by performance requirements crosswind 15 knots wait dash 8 auto land not authorized over 380 thousand pounds dash 9 auto not auto land not authorized over 425 thousand pounds runway cat 3 runway must not have a localizer that is identified as being unusable inside the runway threshold landing flaps flaps 20 25 or 30 auto breaks auto breaks 3 minimum if operative minimum aircraft equipment cat 3 600 RVR below 1500 feet R.A. land 2 or land 3 unannunciated on both primary flight displays or huds cat 3 300 RVR above 1500 feet RVR I cast advisory message no land 3 not displayed below 1500 feet R.A. land 3 enunciated on both primary flight displays and huds engines may be flown single engine autopilot and auto throttling gauge windshield wipers the following eye cast message must not be displayed single source rad out single source approach lighting requirements restrictive for all approaches approach lights LSF 1 and 2 H I a L S or Salazar sequenced flashing lights not required touch down zone lights and center line lighting required edge lights high intensity runway lighting required category 3 approach go around requirements if navigation radio or flight instrument failure which will affect the ability to safely compete the complete the approach occurs in instrument conditions when on an ILS final approach and in instrument conditions and either localizer and or glide slope indicator shows full deflection when the navigation instruments show significant disagreement and visual contact with a runway has not been made below 300 feet R.A. if satisfactory tracking performance is not maintained failure of required aircraft or ground equipment prior to AH or DH if applicable however cat 3 approaches and landings may be continued if sequence flashers are not are in operative autopilot or auto throttle disengages if the AFDS status enunciation down grace below minimum required for approach at or below 200 feet a master caution light and oral signal the captain determines that landing cannot be safely accomplished within the touchdown cat 3 summary minimum RVR 600 and 700 land 2 cat 3 with 50 foot DH alert height none land 3 category 3 with no DH 100 foot R.A. required cat 3 with DH alert height none 1 required minimum RVR 300 feet land 3 cat 3 with no DH 100 foot R.A cat 3 with DH alert height none note a DH must be used if published cat 3 required calls summary captain land 2 land 3 first officer 300 both pilots go around both pilots centerline thank you for listening to the Z notes audio series audio and production editors note this audio content is compiled and read by a 25 year airline pilot qualified on the 787 since 2015 a certified advanced ground instructor retired military standards pilot instructor pilot instrument evaluator for both rotor and fixed wing aircraft thank you again for listening to Z man audio notes