The transcription explores how modernity fundamentally transformed human experiences of space and time, shifting from static, localized realities to dynamic, mobile, and globally interconnected systems. Historically, before industrialization, people lived within fixed geographic boundaries, relying on time measured by daylight and limited communication. The rise of railroads, factories, and mass production broke these constraints, enabling movement, urbanization, and new forms of social organization. Time became a measurable, marketable commodity, and work schedules were standardized. This shift also extended to daily life, such as food consumption, where globalization and technology allowed for deslocalization—food no longer needed to be sourced locally. Fast food chains like McDonald’s exemplify this transformation by redefining social rituals like lunch as convenient and time-efficient. As a result, individuals gained greater autonomy in managing their personal time and space, moving beyond national identities to individualized, technology-driven lifestyles. The overall narrative reflects a globalized world where space is fluid and time is flexibly managed, driven by industrial and technological progress. This transformation, as described by thinkers like Renato Ortiz and Zygmunt Bauman, represents modernity as the systematic reorganization of nature and human behavior to serve economic and social demands. The final tone blends academic insight with a personal, energetic call to action, emphasizing real-life experiences and consumer choices.
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I'm sure those people would say that space is what one can travel in a certain time.
While time is what needs to be recovered.
But if nobody asked for an explanation, they'd find out how to express these definitions.
Renato Ortiz tells us that, for example, in Paris, at the beginning of the 19th century,
that those people who lived close to the city between 20 to 30 km,
never in their lives, if they were displaced towards the capital that at that time was considered the capital of the world.
And this gives us a clear panorama that the distances were considered much greater than today.
And that those people didn't have the interest to leave their place of birth.
If we think about the old age in the Middle Ages,
the only ways to translate were by war, by asking for advice, perhaps an oracle,
or by a religious thing, such as generations, or by the trade,
but that was limited to very few people.
Almost the total amount of people until modernity was moved from their territory.
This means that space was fixed and not all the places were united,
neither by carriages nor by any other communication.
And with the same time, when there was no war,
the people lived for the sake of time,
and it was the sun that marked when the day and when it was over.
But when the industrialism and modernity that were born together,
needed the displacement of the people and the mercancies,
emerged at that time to change the categories of space and time
that had been the same during the whole humanity.
For that, the first routes were built to unite those cities
and also the first days with the Ferrocarrer,
the space was always modified because it united the cities
and also the great factories needed workers,
and began the migration and the modification of the spaces
where the men were going to live in the city.
And these train stations had the first routes that indicated the time
for the people to be able to translate.
And at that time, the factories were coming in which they worked,
that they did not have public access routes,
but that only the bosses of the companies had them.
And with that they could control something that was also a novelty.
Now the work time was sold.
What before happened, although it seems very normal to us,
the people could not sell their time
because they did not consider the category of time.
But at that time, I had to modify other things
so that these categories could suffer those changes
because the industrialism needed, in addition to its formation,
what is the sentiment of the nation.
Because the nation is a society that is imagined as a community,
but both the nation and the industrialism are convergent phenomena.
The nation is made historically through modernity.
And modernity, in order to make it necessary,
the dilution of the borders, the change of the spaces
and the modification of the perception of time in the people.
The idea of the nation implies that the individuals
leave to consider their regions as a territorial base of their actions.
That is, there is a development of geographical horizons
that was conceived before.
The nations make them disengage in the particularities of the people
and they integrate as a part of a society.
The men begin to be referred to a totalitarian.
An example of this transformation
is the rise of those from communication.
It was the fairs, the roads, the urban transport.
Then came the telegraph and later the diaries.
Modernity is the result of a double movement
on one side, the de-territorialization of men
and its rhetorialization in the ambition of another dimension.
The national identity demands a permanent force of construction.
Then, historically, modernity was made through the nation
but with a different dynamic.
That is, the de-territorialization that proposes the partial nation
and favors the mobility of the things only in the horizon.
Modernity requires a deeper development.
But if we continue advancing in modernity,
we will realize that as the state was necessary
to modify the categories of space and time, the state of the nation.
Now, in our daily life, is the consumption of the national markets,
the media, that of cultural legitimacy,
of the definition of norms and the orientation of conduct.
So, once they were in the state and school,
the private actors of the construction of identity,
now are the agencies in the global level
that favor the work of these de-territorialized entities.
But, well, let's go back to the time of the first watches.
Then, the humanity was habituated and normalized the use of them
and left them to get the time,
as they did with the circadian cycle,
which is that of the day and of the night,
in which the bodies and our neurons are subjected to today.
So, our intellectual capacity is greater when it will be used
and our neuronal synapsis begins to fall with the night.
Once installed in the streets and the trains,
the mobility was also something daily.
And these aspects of the people who did not come out of their people
were invested.
Now, it is very few people who do not come out of their place.
But there has also been another development of space of time
that has to do with the food.
Before, they could only consume food,
but then, the science,
managed to get rid of the food
because the world started to distribute
and through genetics,
to manipulate the foods to be able to consume.
And, in addition, its origin was taken away.
That is, there was no need to travel to another country
to try its food,
but that through the import of the media,
transport and genetic science,
the food had to be made destabilized.
In this way, the relationship is broken between the place and the food.
In other words, the food industry doesn't need any food.
The example of McDonald's is that it is best to understand
what is the desalocalization of something.
In addition, this desalocalization of the food,
in the case of McDonald's, for example,
also generated and expressed a new pattern
because it started the food fast.
There was no time to eat at home
and needed to get food at good prices or modest prices.
And what McDonald's brothers do when they found it,
is to apply a model,
which in the economic war,
is called the model of this organization,
which was used by the factories.
It is a production of sandwiches,
and bassal.
en la atención al cliente, pero el éxito de esa fórmula se explica también por la
sincroniente producción y consumo, el mundo moderno, para el mundo moderno, el tiempo
es una función de interregación de un conjunto de actividades, perder el tiempo significa
estar fuera del orden de las cosas, entonces si comer es una pérdida de tiempo, se puede
comer comida rápida, tenemos que pensar además que esta revalorización del tiempo hizo
también una red definición de ciertos significados de las acto sociales, por ejemplo del almuerzo,
el almuerzo era todo en institución social, era una especie de comunión colectiva y hoy
cada uno realidad ya coordina su propio tiempo en función de las propias actividades, es decir
que también hay una deslocalización del acto de comer, es decir que si uno pudiese lograr
hacerse la imagen de como el mundo primero separado en sí mismo se unió a través de las
vías de comunicación y de la modificación del espacio y tiempo, puede ver como hoy
ya no hay más centralidad y la movilidad de la frontera se diluye y la oposición entre
el autóctono y el extranjero deja cada vez más de existir, estamos ante lo que Renato Ortiz
llama la mundialización, en cierta manera en estos 200 años hacia atrás lo que va a
emanzar a la prehistoria del espacio y del tiempo fue siempre igual pero en estos 200 años
en adelante ha habido un cambio cada vez más acelerado que fue primero en la localización
a través de los estados nacionales rumbo a lo que es la mundialidad en donde los espacios
se modifican constantemente y las fronteras se mueven cada vez más hacia lo individual
hacia las propias casas, ya no van a existir las diferencias solo nacionales sino las
diferencias individuales en donde los seres humanos administran su tiempo en voz de la
producción y el consumo de la tecnología y su espacio en voz de la aislamiento cada
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Podcast Summary
Key Points:
The modern era transformed perceptions of space and time through industrialization, enabling mobility, urbanization, and the rise of national identities.
Industrialization introduced new economic models, such as mass production, which redefined work time and created a market-based system where time could be bought and sold.
Transportation networks like railroads connected cities, reshaping spatial relationships and allowing for large-scale migration and economic integration.
The deslocalization of food—through globalization, genetics, and supply chains—has broken the link between food origin and place, enabling instant access to diverse diets.
Fast food chains like McDonald’s exemplify how modernity restructured social rituals, such as lunch, by making them convenient, time-efficient, and universally accessible.
Modernity led to the de-territorialization of individuals, where people no longer identify with local roots but instead manage personal time and space through technology and consumption.
The world has shifted from national to global scales, where borders blur and individual autonomy in managing time and space has become dominant.
As Renato Ortiz and Zygmunt Bauman suggest, modernity involves reorganizing nature and human behavior to serve human needs through technological and economic systems.
Summary:
The transcription explores how modernity fundamentally transformed human experiences of space and time, shifting from static, localized realities to dynamic, mobile, and globally interconnected systems. Historically, before industrialization, people lived within fixed geographic boundaries, relying on time measured by daylight and limited communication. The rise of railroads, factories, and mass production broke these constraints, enabling movement, urbanization, and new forms of social organization.
Time became a measurable, marketable commodity, and work schedules were standardized. This shift also extended to daily life, such as food consumption, where globalization and technology allowed for deslocalization—food no longer needed to be sourced locally. Fast food chains like McDonald’s exemplify this transformation by redefining social rituals like lunch as convenient and time-efficient.
As a result, individuals gained greater autonomy in managing their personal time and space, moving beyond national identities to individualized, technology-driven lifestyles. The overall narrative reflects a globalized world where space is fluid and time is flexibly managed, driven by industrial and technological progress. This transformation, as described by thinkers like Renato Ortiz and Zygmunt Bauman, represents modernity as the systematic reorganization of nature and human behavior to serve economic and social demands.
The final tone blends academic insight with a personal, energetic call to action, emphasizing real-life experiences and consumer choices.
FAQs
Cars.com is a platform with over 2 million new and used cars available, offering powerful filters to search by price, features, and style. It provides real user reviews, helping buyers make informed decisions without endless scrolling.
Industrialization led to the creation of transportation routes and factories, which changed how people perceived space and time. Travel became possible, work schedules were standardized, and time began to be treated as a commodity.
McDonald's exemplifies how food has been deslocalized through global distribution and genetic manipulation. People no longer need to travel to experience different foods, and fast food became accessible and standardized worldwide.
Eating once had social significance and was a collective event, but now individuals schedule meals based on personal routines. This reflects a broader deslocalization of social activities, where time and place are more flexible.
Deslocalization refers to the process by which things—like food, time, or social activities—are no longer tied to specific places or times. Instead, they become available globally and flexible through technology and mobility.
The nation developed as a modern phenomenon through the de-territorialization of people, enabling mobility, migration, and integration into broader social systems. This shift changed how individuals see geography and identity.
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