Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky: “I Was a Great Founder and a Terrible CEO”

It was a crucible moment. It was the first moment I had to be a good CEO, and it was a life or death moment. Because before that, it was a nice to have to be CEO. Well, we could grow faster, be less chaotic. But at that moment, either I'm a great CEO and the company survives, or I'm a bad CEO and the company dies. So it became life or death. Welcome to How I Built This, a show about innovators, entrepreneurs, idealists, and the stories behind the movements they built. I'm Guy Raz, and on the show today, how Brian Chesky went from an art school student with no business experience to the CEO of Airbnb, a company worth more than $100 billion, and why building Airbnb turned out to be a lot easier than learning how to lead it. About 10 years ago on this show, I interviewed Joe Jebbia, one of the three founders of Airbnb. And Joe told me the incredible story about how he and his friends, Brian Chesky and Nathan Blacharczyk, turned a few air mattresses on the floor of a San Francisco apartment into a business that transformed the travel industry. It is one of my favorite stories we have ever told on this show. And today, I'm going to tell you about how I built this. Now, I've interviewed plenty of founders who spent years, sometimes decades, struggling to get their ideas off the ground. Colin Engle, for example, who, by the way, grew up in the same small town as Brian Chesky, spent more than a decade trying to find the product that would make iRobot a success, which, if you don't remember, it was a Roomba. But Airbnb wasn't really one of those stories. Sure, there were some very difficult early days. But once Airbnb became a reality, Airbnb found its footing, it took off, and it became one of the most successful startups of all time. Product market fit, timing, and great leadership, right? Well, not according to Brian. In fact, he now says Airbnb succeeded in spite of his leadership, not because of it. Brian's been CEO from the very beginning. He was just 26 when they started Airbnb, and today he's 45. And he's spent almost his entire adult life learning how to lead the company he created. Brian grew up in upstate New York, the son of two social workers. Before Airbnb, he'd never run a company, and he'd never been to business school. So to help him run the company, he hired experienced executives and deferred to their judgment and watched as the company became increasingly sprawling and difficult to manage. But then came the pandemic. And here's what he told me the first time we spoke back in the summer of 2020. I spent 12 years building Airbnb, and then we lost 80% of the business in eight weeks. All of a sudden, Brian had to figure out how to save the company he'd spent more than a decade building. What followed was a major transformation, not just in how he runs Airbnb, but in how he looks at leadership, success, and his own life. I want to start on December 10th, 2020. Airbnb goes public. That amazing value. I think by the end of the day, the company's worth over $100 billion, right? You are going to become extremely wealthy. This is an extraordinary moment, an amazing achievement. And you've described that as one of the loneliest moments of your life. The day after. Yeah. Why? Well, first of all, the IPO was a weird experience because it was on Zoom, because it was the pandemic. And so there's no bell ringing. There was no, like, celebrating with your family, your friends, all the early in people, to help you build a company. It was just a bunch of boxes on a Zoom, and it felt really amazing. And I went to bed, CEO of a $100 billion public company, never imagining I'd be CEO of a 10-person company. And I woke up the next day, and no one's in my house. It's still the pandemic. It's still sheltering in place. And I wake up, put on sweatpants. I get on a Zoom meeting. We just have some meeting, random meeting. And it was almost like my whole life had built up to wanting that moment. Not necessarily an IPO, but being really successful. And then I think what happened was I had this crisis of realizing, okay, now that I've gone it, my life really isn't any different. And I don't feel that much happier than I did the day before. It was a rush. And then the rush is over. And I'm back to regular life. And it kind of created a little bit of an inner crisis. Because I think so much, of my life, starting with childhood, was wanting to be special. But I don't know if I even realized I was doing it. And maybe a lot of my ambition came from wanting to get validation, wanting to be special, having this sense. I think a lot of people that are really successful, they want the world to love them. And I think maybe that's not love. Maybe that's adulation. And it's kind of like a drug, and you need more and more and more of it. And it wears off very, very quickly. And the inner crisis, when you get to the mountaintop, because you're you spend your whole life trying to climb the mountaintop, and you realize this is not going to change how I feel inside. What do I do now? What other mountain is there even to climb? And that began a whole nother journey, which is, well, what do I want out of my life? Why am I even doing this? And to be honest, we didn't start this company to be successful. I joke that if I tried to make money, I wouldn't have been inflating air mattresses. We didn't try to become successful. We started, it was somewhere along the way, it got so successful. We started getting magazine covers. And we started believing the hype. And that was a little bit of an addiction. I want to get back to that later on, because I know that you made some conscious decisions about your life and how to live it. But to get to that moment, I want to go back many, many years. When I interviewed Joe on the show 10 years ago, telling us a story about Airbnb, he told us a story about how the night before you graduated from RISD, you went out for pizza. And he said, and this is a quote, he said, we're going to start a company together someday. That's what he said. He told us, he told you, and they're going to write a book about it. Do you remember that? Yeah. He said this to you in Rhode Island the night before you graduated. Yeah. We were in Rhode Island because we went to Rhode Island School of Design. There was a, like in Providence, there's like, you know, it's very much a college town. And like a lot of college towns, there's like a main street with all the bars, restaurants called Thayer Street. And on Thayer Street, there was a restaurant, I think a pizza shop called Antonio's Pizza, if I recall correctly. And they, it was really funny because they had like pineapple pizza and all these like exotic types of pizzas. I can't believe I remember this. And we're sitting by the window. And he kind of says this out of nowhere. And to me, it was, it was a little random. Not that maybe we start a company together, but the prescience of they'll write a book about it because there were a few books written about it. But I think I want to give credit to Joe because, and my co-founders, because I think he saw something in me maybe I didn't see in myself. And one of the greatest gifts you can give to somebody is believe in them and see something in them. He saw something in me. I don't know quite what it was. That's the thing for him to answer. And I feel like along the way, the only reason I'm here is because some people saw something and took a bet on me because the fact that I became, I went to Rhode Island School of Design as an artist. Yeah. I became CEO of a $100 billion tech company. The metaphor was like, as if Silicon Valley is a nightclub and the doorman was like looking away and I snuck in. It's like, I wasn't supposed to be in this party. I think your dad, I read that your dad said to you, because he said, I want to be an artist. He was like, just make sure you get health insurance, please. Yes. In my high school yearbook quote, it's a very weird yearbook quote. My yearbook quote was, I'm sure I'll mount to nothing. It was half a joke. Yeah. Because I thought all the yearbook quotes are kind of ridiculous. People were like, taking themselves too seriously. But there had to have been a little bit of truth to that, that like, I was going to be an artist and that was probably not a path to a lot of money and success. Like, I like to joke that I went to like one of the only schools in America was uncool to make money, you know, because the cool kids at RISD were artists, not commercial, and you didn't do it for money. It was like pure. And so I had to go through this weird journey of even getting around the idea of making money. You know, originally, I was actually of the three of us, the one most opposed to having a business model and want to make money. I like the purity of it being, you know, not a business model. And then I think, well, I had a conversation, Joe and Nate, we kind of realized it was completely impractical for this company not to have a business model. And so then I worked with the team, we designed this business model that turned out to be one of the greatest business models on the internet. And it turns out, I'm now an avid supporter of capitalism, because I've realized, having given money to nonprofits, that there is something unique about the innovation model of a corporate company that you can't do as a nonprofit. Yeah. You eventually, you go to LA for a couple of years. And but Joe, manages to convince you to come to San Francisco where he's living with Nate, his roommate. And eventually, he wants to fulfill this. He really, I mean, he says to you, we're going to start a business. So he sees something in you, which you don't see in yourself. Did you see yourself as a leader? Because early on, I mean, Nate, Joe, you, you start this company, you're the CEO. I mean, this is a decision that the three of you make. Did you see yourself in that role? Or did they see, to you doing that? I saw myself as a leader of like five people, you know, maybe 10 people. I remember saying, Airbnb is going to be huge one day. Thousands of people will do this. So I saw – I believed in myself at a very small scale. It might have been the scale that Joe and Nate believed in me that I – that was hard for me to see in myself. We told a story of how you guys, you know, sold these cereal boxes at the Democratic Convention and how that really sort of helped get you into Y Combinator. And it's an amazing story. And people can hear that on the earlier story we told with Joe. But I want to jump ahead a little bit. I mean, you were now almost 20 years since you started, right? And I think about, you know, I've been doing this for 30 years. And if I think about where I was 30 years ago, I sucked at what I do. And so part of it is you just do it and you're going to suck less over time. And when you think about the first, let's say, five years, right? Here you are. You're a designer. Joe is a designer. Nate is a tech guy. But you're two designers in a tech city. Trying to convince people that you know what you're doing. And you're trying to learn how to hire people, how to tell them what to do. And what do you remember about just learning those things and how it kind of evolved in those first few years? Well, here's what I would say, Guy. I think I was pretty much naturally a great founder. And I was naturally a terrible CEO. Which is a very classic story. I don't know an exception. I'm sure there are exceptions. But I don't know a person, especially a founder, that just becoming a CEO is completely intuitive. See, there's something about being a founder that's intuitive. It's possible people are born good founders. It's also possible we're not born good founders. But we spend our whole lives. Maybe that's the real answer. Is that when you're a child, you're making things, you're building things. You're practicing being a founder. And so the moment you found a company, it's probably not the first time you try to make something. So I probably had 20 years experience as a founder. Starting as a child. Designing, disassembling Christmas toys. When I used to sell things to my friends. Joe and I had 20 years experience as founders. So by the time we were founders, we were like, we had decades on our belt. And then suddenly you've got to be the CEO. And the problem with being a CEO. Is it's so counterintuitive. Like, for example, people tell you to hire great people and trust them and get out of their way to do their job. That is what you do once you're very mature. That is a death sentence to a young company. What you actually need to do is not hire big grownups that don't understand your stage. That's counterintuitive. You have to hire people just a little bit ahead of you that are smart, hungry. And you've got to stay really close to them. You've got to stay really close to the company. So said differently, so much of the CEO job is counterintuitive. And how do you create a culture where people do what you want them to do when you're not in the room? Like, that's the hard stuff. That's really hard. Not, you know, becoming profitable. Yeah. Expense management. This stuff is easy. I interviewed a CEO many years ago, a really excellent CEO. And he said the job of a CEO is not to have the answer. But to identify the people who do have the answers. And as you grew, I mean, you alluded to this, you were given the advice to start hiring people with more experience. Yes. Much, much older than you, right? And so, first of all, before we kind of dig into some of those experiences, because I know what eventually happened, right? What was that like for you to have, I mean, was it intimidating, you know? Yeah. To have people who are coming in there like, Brian, I got it here. You know, like, I got it. I have 20 years of experience in the hospitality industry. And this is actually how it's done. And you probably deferred, right? Yeah. I mean, many of them are old enough to be my parents or almost old enough to be my parents. Like, some of them were more than 20 years older than me. They had way more experience. And the hard part for me was sometimes my intuition would tell me one thing and they'd tell me another. And what do I do when my intuition and their experience collide? Usually, I deferred. And that was usually the case. It doesn't mean I was right, but it might have been that the solution was some engagement. My intuition is telling me this thing. It doesn't mean you're wrong, but now let's talk about it. Let's work through it together. And by not working through it, I knew the company so well that it's just really hard for somebody with experience at someone else's company to know what to do at your company. One of the reasons why is they usually come from big companies, and they have trouble applying their business. They also come from companies where they didn't build it. They managed it. And now they have to build it. And they have never done that. But you didn't know that at the time. I didn't know any of that at the time. So they were making decisions. And probably some of the decisions were good. Yes. But your instinct was to defer because you didn't want to seem like you were arrogant, like you were know-it-all. I was a little intimidated. And, yeah, I felt cautious about being a boss. I felt a little shy about wanting to tell people what to do. You know what it was? I think I was a little bit of a people pleaser. I wanted people to like me. I think that's normal, by the way. Very normal. I want people to like me, especially people that seem older and more experienced. I don't want to tell them what to do. I want them to like me. And so I would be a little bit overly deferential. Conflict-averse, too? 100% conflict-averse. And conflict-averse to the point that if somebody wasn't working out, I would not take action. Take action. Take action doesn't necessarily mean firing them. Take action might mean having a really hard conversation about how things aren't going really well. And if they aren't fixable, yes, then you have to make a change. And somebody years later told me, a pitcher never takes themselves off of the mound. Right. And as a coach, I kept hoping the pitchers would take themselves off the mound. Like, you get five home runs. It's now obvious. No one ever comes to you and says, I'm tired. Most people think they're doing a good job. Whether you think they're doing a good job or not, they think they're doing a good job. And they're doing their very best. And you are responsible if they're not doing a good job because you're the one that convinced them to do the job in the first place. And I would just avoid people that weren't being successful because I was conflict-averse. And I would gravitate to people that were being successful. The other mistake I would make is I'd sometimes do their job for them, not realizing, well, the fact that I'm doing their job for them means maybe they can do the job and I'm not empowering them or maybe this is a crutch. And now they're successful because I am helping them. But that. Is actually ultimately perpetuating something that's unsustainable. And the other thing you do is you don't say no enough. Like, if five execs want to go in five different directions, it's one team. Yeah. Right? So, like, if five of us get in a car and one says, let's go to Tahoe, the other says, let's go to, like, Reno, the other says, let's go to L.A., the right way is one way. And one way has to be your way. So you have to have one way. And if you hire people and they take you in the direction you don't believe in or it's the wrong direction. They'll eventually leave having built their own people that follow them down that direction. Now you've got to basically fix that thing. And so you might have hired someone. They've gone down a path for two years. Guess what happens? They leave. You might spend five or ten years fixing or correcting that decision that person made. So I like to tell people they're not your people because when you leave, there are people. And that direction is our direction, not your direction, because I have to live with it long after you do. So when you would go home at night, right, in the, you know, in that time, during that time, and you'd go, you'd, like, lay in bed and you're done with the day, were you ever, did you ever think, maybe I'm not the right person to do this? Yeah, all the time. All the time. All the time. I lived in this almost prison where I felt like I don't know if I'm ever going to have the capacity to be a great CEO. But I also saw failure after failure of what happened to a company and the founder left. But what would you tell yourself? I was like, I don't know how to get out of this. And I said to myself, I don't, I think I need to run this company long term. I don't know if I'm ever going to be a great CEO. I think the limit of the company's potential is the limit of me. A company can't grow faster than a CEO's learning curve. And so I just said, like, how did these greats before me do it? I must not have this ability. But I'm going to just. I'm going to just do my very best because I don't know what to do. I don't, you know, I looked for, like, presidents and COOs. I hired those types of people. They didn't, you know, that didn't, that wasn't really successful. I never got to the point where I told the board, like, you need to find someone to replace me. And the company, to be clear, wasn't like, like, doing nose diving. It was still growing. Yeah. But it was clearly not, like, like, it really, like, in the mid-2010s or the late 2010s, there was this period where, like, where we're growing, but it's really clear the company is chaos. And I just didn't know how to manage the chaos. I didn't know how to manage excellence, how to align everyone and get them all to go in one direction. And it just felt like sand falling through your fingers. And all the things told me about big companies was becoming us. You know, there's, like, meetings about meetings. Yeah. And then, like, people are going in many different directions. And what ends up happening, and this is happening with a lot of AI companies now, is they just have too many people. doing tests too many things. And there's too many yeses, not enough no's. And the job of a CEO is to say no, probably more than to say yes. And to make sure that we're a captain on one ship, we're not presiding over armada of ships going in different directions, because we have no leverage. Yeah. I mean, it would take you years to discover that. And that is what like, that's what age and wisdom, right? Yeah. Who I mean, when you're sitting there saying, I don't know if I'm the right person. You're also withstanding a lot of pressure. That is coming from you. And maybe just, I don't know, the general sense that you had around you, the company's growing, but you know, as you described it, there's still chaos. What was the thing that kept you saying to yourself, no, I'm going to stay doing this, right? Because it's really it is. I mean, there are you mentioned examples of founders who are still CEOs. Jensen Wong is another great example. But there are so many examples who are not operationally involved. You are still here almost 20 years later. So what was it? Or who was it? Was there a person? Was there a mentor who said, you should stay, you should keep doing this, you're going to get better at this? Such a good question. What do you remember? Because I would have left, I would have said, you know what, I want to just do a design job, not just I want to do something. I want to be a brand ambassador. Let me bring somebody else to deal with all the bullshit. A couple of things come to mind. The first is, my dad, my dad taught me growing up never to quit. He said, I don't care how talented you are. I'm not very tall. I'm pretty sure I'm 5'8". So I played ice hockey. And I hit puberty late. And I went to this military sports academy for hockey. And my dad and I both knew I wasn't the biggest. I wasn't the most talented. In fact, my favorite movie as a kid was Rudy. Some people might be too young to know what that was with this young little guy that was like 5'7". It was a walk in Notre Dame. And that was my hero. I was the underdog. My dad said, it's not the size of the dog in the fight. It's the size of the fight in the dog that matters. He used to say that to me all the time. 100% or nothing, never quit, never quit, never quit. So first of all, that's ingrained in me. I don't even know how to quit. That seems like defeat. Now, if the board or the world told me, please stop, I would have. If Joe and Nate said, Brian, I need to take you off the mound, I would have gone off the mound. But they never did. In fact, they told me even in my darkest hours, I believe in you, including during the pandemic. My darkest moment, beyond the IPO, my darkest actual professional moment was the pandemic hit. I remember Ken Chenault, CEO of Amex, was on our board. He was CEO of Amex during 9-11, 2008. He said, Brian, sometime in your career, you're going to have to deal with the 9-11 or 2008. It was literally March 15th, Ides of March. Ken calls me, said, remember 9-11? This is going to be 10 times the size of 9-11 for travel as far as impact. I said, Brian, you're going to have to deal with the 9-11 as far as impact. And it was. We lost 80% of our business in eight weeks. Right. I remember we interviewed you that time. You said, we spent 12 years building this business and we have lost 80% of it in a matter of weeks. Eight weeks. And people were asking, is this the end of Airbnb? Is Airbnb going to exist? And it was that moment that the board rallied behind me and my co-founders rallied behind me. I think it was the people who believed in me that told me to keep going. It was me feeling like I can't quit. And it was me just believing that we're just starting, that this is a book. And they had written a book about us. And it was like 14 chapters. I'm like, really? You've only written the first chapter. That 14-chapter book is really just chapter one because we have so much longer to go. One other thing, though, that really got me down, and I didn't mention this the first question I asked about the IPO. The thing that really, I think, got me down was how lonely I was. The job of a CEO can be so lonely. See, being a founder, if you have co-founders, it's not lonely. In fact, when you're a co-founder, you have your friends. You're in it together. No one's really in charge. You hire your friends. They are young in your 20s. You go out drinking together. You hang out together. It feels kind of like a college crew. And then you become CEO. You're not as exposed to socialize your employees as much. Your employees have families. They're not going to hang out with you. Everyone's looking you every direction. And you feel like the walls are caving in. You feel like the whole, everyone's staring at you, evaluating you. It's like, imagine you're a high school student, and all of a sudden, someone told you to be the principal of your own high school. And you're like, wait a second. And everyone in school is talking about you. And every time you walk into a room, everyone's preparing for you to enter that room. And it's all a production, a performance. It's very, very hard to wrap your head around that. And I didn't realize at the time that so much of the emptiness that I felt with myself, my purpose, like, why am I even doing this? I'm not doing this to become a $100 billion company. Because I realized that I wasn't any happier as a $100 billion company than a $20 billion company. It's an idea. It's like a drug. It's a rush. And it wears off. And so then you got to go back to like, what do I want in my life? And I said, well, first, I need to have more friends. I need to reconnect with my friends. In fact, it was President Obama who became a mentor to me. You wrote him a letter. A letter, right? In the middle of this. You reached out to him and asked. For help. Yeah. I just like, I wrote this long letter for help. And he basically told me, Brian, I think it's pretty simple. You're really lonely. And he said, like, he said, I remember him telling, like, I have at least 15 friends that I could call at any moment. And I don't need to catch them up to where I'm going in my life. And many of them were his high school friends. And so I asked him, I said, how did you become basically like the most famous person alive and not lose your mind? Because a lot of like celebrities lose their mind. A lot of rich people lose their mind and get really powerful. And one of the things he told me, and I'll never forget this, he said, the way I didn't lose my mind is I stayed grounded. And the way you stay grounded, you stay connected to your roots. And the way you stay connected to your roots is you stay connected to people in your roots. And he had these like high school friends. He had this guy named Bobby. He's a fisherman. He's like, they've been friends since high school. And I had a friend named Bob. But I hadn't talked to my friend Bob for like a decade. And so I kind of realized, I thought I held all these friends. But then I realized if I called any of them, I'd have to get them up to speed in my life. And I'm like, okay, those are dormant relationships. Because I put my whole life on hold. I realized that I wasn't very vulnerable around my employees. I was closed off. I wanted to look strong. I didn't want to admit that I was vulnerable. I didn't want to admit I don't have the answer. I didn't want to admit I'm struggling. I didn't want to admit like, hey, I don't know if I'm really good at this. I need your help. And so I wouldn't let people in. And so a lot of this was loneliness. And a lot of loneliness was just a lack of vulnerability, not wanting to let people in. And so I didn't want to let people in. And just allowing walls to keep on on you just being coming too busy for things that seem unimportant, like relationships, which are the most important. Well, that's the thing. I mean, here you are. And I remember we spoke at that time. And you said, I'm staring at a green dot all day. I remember you saying that. I mean, you started so young, right? And you're grinding for so long. You're just it's this is it. This is your life. And you get to a point where you're well known, you have money, and but you have focused on this. And so your personal life takes a backseat. I had no personal life. It becomes much more complicated, right and complex to try to build one when you are known and all of these things. I would walk down the street. And I wasn't famous. But I would hear people say that's the Airbnb guy. Yeah. And it was weird, because like, it wasn't that Brian Chesky, that's the Airbnb guy. And the weird part about that is at one point, me and Airbnb started like blurring together. Like, I'm like, literally, people call me the Airbnb guy. And so I started losing us. And if all you do is Airbnb, you're the Airbnb guy, and there's nothing else. And then, then maybe you are just the Airbnb guy, there's nothing else about you. At one point, I had nothing to talk about the Airbnb because I didn't do anything. I didn't read anything. I didn't know anything but Airbnb. I was probably an uninteresting person to talk to unless you want to learn about Airbnb. And, and, and paradoxically, that made me a worse leader, because it was almost like I was just staring at the painting for too long. And if you just get like two in your head, you stare at things, you can start to like, just kind of like an artist has to step away from the canvas. And if you stare at something too long, you kind of start getting stuck in iterative. And, and I think that was a really big thing for me to realize, I can dedicate me that and that this company is separate from me. There has to be some separate separation of identity. So what did you do? The first thing I did is I called up a bunch of in the middle of the pandemic, my high school and college friends. And I just started doing zooms with them. Then I said we should do an annual trip because the first thing we do with zooms, but we'd have had no new experiences. So all we're doing is talking about shit 15 years ago. Yeah. So we started traveling together, we started doing trips together. And that was like, completely changed my life. A lot of people think, oh, I'm in a relationship, I'm in a happy marriage, not lonely. Well, actually, loneliness, I learned because we hired the Surgeon General United States to help during COVID. And he actually studied loneliness. He said, Brian, the one thing about loneliness is concentric circles. First, you have to have a relationship yourself, solitude, then family, maybe call it five people. Then the next concentric circle is 15 people that you can confide in 10 to 15. Then it's 150. You might call this your workplace, your community, and then there's the cosmos, you know, your country, your community, something much bigger than anything you can ever fathom. If you any disconnection to any of those rings, there is an element of disconnection that makes you lonely. And I think so much of the unhappiness today in the world is people feeling disconnected to one of those rings. And I was disconnected to almost all of those rings, if I really ask myself. I was just connected to this Airbnb, mostly this idea at this point. I was even disconnected to the people I'm working with. And the pandemic made it worse because I didn't live in my house for two years. I worked 100 hours a week. It was the best thing for Airbnb for the short term. But by the end of it, man, I was in a pretty rough, tenuous place. So I was sort of caught red-handed. It's a show about secrets and forgiveness. I hope you'll come see it. Find all our tour dates and get tickets at thisiscriminal.com slash live. But how do you know, how do you know who to trust, right? Especially when people know the value of the company, what that means for you. Yeah. You're well known. You know, you are like, I met my wife when I was 24. I'm 52, right? So how do you know who to trust when your entire adult life up until that point is so focused on work? Understandably, you're building something. And then you have to consciously decide to focus on the things that you neglected. Yeah. But you've got to now, but you're now known. And there are, there are consequences in trusting people who violate that trust. I did something that might be unpopular or counterintuitive, which is I just decided to give everyone the benefit of the doubt, trust them, and let people tell me who they really were. And if they violated my trust, then they wouldn't be in my life, but I would assume good intent. Said differently, there are some people I met in Silicon Valley that said no new friends, because only people I can trust are my old friends. The problem is when you don't have new friends, and there are people, I bet you people watching their parents, when you get to a certain age, you stop making new friends. But when you stop making new friends, and you stop letting new people in your life, you stop growing, you stop learning. And so I decided I'm going to take the risk. Now, maybe I'm not going to like, you know, send them my bank account information. And, you know, like, like, you know, I'm going to like, ease into it. But I decided to take the conscious effort to say, the risk of a few people violating my trust is better than the risk of living alone the rest of my life. And did a few people violate my trust? Yes. Was it irreparable? No. Was it worth taking the risk? 100%. And so that's what I did. I think what happens with a lot of people that become wealthy, for example, is the world gets small, because I don't know who to trust. And my only answer is you got to give people a chance. Now, you know, one way to know how you can, like, there's some tactics you can do. If people are really, the more success you get, the nicer it gets. And I think that's what I did. So you start to become a bad read of character, because everyone's really nice to you. So we have to pay attention to how nice they are to other people. And so one of the things I used to do is I asked my assistant, how nice people were to her. Because there were people that were very obsequious and unkiest to me. And they were really, they wouldn't treat her well. But your default was to trust. My default was to trust. And just wherever the consequences land, they land. I'll never date, because I don't want to be in a relationship, because I don't want to date, because if I date, someone might break my heart. Well, what's worse, having your heart broken or dying alone? I don't know. You pick your poison. So the same thing with fail. I don't want to start a company, because it might fail. I don't want to hire this person, because it might not work out. I don't want to exercise. I might get hurt. I might injure myself. I don't want to live my life, because I might die. It's like, you're going to die anyway. Might as well live. I looked over the transcript from our interview in 2020 during COVID, and you said at the time you said that Airbnb had become stretched and sprawling. Those were your words, that we were trying to do too many things. And I think that's the time where you started to understand all of the things that would follow, right? As you kind of began to rethink how you wanted to organize your life, your role, this company. What do you think, you know, why do you think that happened in the first place when you reflect on it? I mean, you obviously started to recognize some of these challenges. Do you think you were, again, was it connected to trying to please investors, employees, not having enough confidence in how you, you know, your decision making? Why had it gotten to that point? Actually, it was a, I think, I actually think it's a very different thing that I also suffered from, which is hubris. I think that I see this a lot. You have a hit. So I had the good fortune of like, Joe and I and Nate, we romanticized how hard it was. But in the grand scheme of things, it took off within a year and a half. That's not that long. And it became a phenomenon. And before you knew it, hundreds of millions of people were doing it. It was almost as if it was too easy. And we thought, well, everything else must be this easy. That's hubris, saying I can do anything, therefore I can do everything. And we miscalculated how hard it would be to both grow something and start something new at the same time. We didn't build the foundation in place. We didn't have the right leaders or structure support. And we just quickly, without enough rigor or discipline, I think we forgot how hard it was to create the first thing. Said differently, I think we iterated like 30 versions of our website before we figured out how to make Airbnb work. And then we just expected everything else to just work. And we like would fund teams. And we'd fund employees, expecting them to come up with the next great thing. And we had many good ideas. But not many of them could have started Airbnb. And so asking them to start the next Airbnb, it was just too much to ask people. So I think it was actually at one point, a little bit of hubris, a little bit of overconfidence, and a little bit of indulgence. You know, it's like you have an abundance of money, you have abundance of resources. Yes, you get pressure to expand. But a lot of what we do as founders is we always have the ability to suffer from hubris. We have a and we go from like being, we have no money, you're really disciplined. You say no, you have constraints, you live in reality, and you're really thoughtful and principled. And the first time you go on a rocket ship, your judgment starts, your judgment can go down. And you start thinking you do everything, you have sloppy thinking, you get sloppy. And you just start throwing money at things. And you see what sticks. And I don't want to call any companies out today. But you can see success. They try to expand too quickly into other things. And they just don't stick. It's really low quality. And that happened to us. And that I think is the adolescence of a company. You go through what we call growing pains. You basically the company outgrows you, you know how to manage, there's chaos. Everyone's got a new manager every few months, you're doing everything but nothing well. The company is like getting diluted. Suddenly, like, you know, it becomes wayward, there's more bureaucracy set in, you know, things get calcified. You know, you know, and there's this other thing that happens where the more dysfunction the company gets, the more you think, well, I must be the problem. So step away, when actually the best leadership is presence, not absence. So now you've kind of made it worse by perpetuating even more things. And it's just, it's just good, it gets worse and worse and worse. And at some point, your castle becomes your prison. And you basically built this beautiful castle, and you've locked yourself in the top of it. And you're like, I don't know how to get out of it. And that that then you have to basically figure out, okay, I created this, this beautiful thing that's I'm now stuck inside of, how do I fix it? And that can get really, really difficult. And that's the journey I had to do for like, five, six years. When do you remember? I mean, was it during COVID or before, when you when you started to really understand what it meant to be a good leader? I know you studied Steve Jobs, you've talked about him, and you really have studied him deeply. And you've had mentors, right? I mean, President Obama, right? Paul Graham, and other people. Or what was it? Where you started to think, okay, I think that I'm, I think that I got this. After the pandemic. After the pandemic. So we're talking 12 years in. Yeah, 13, 13. And what was it? What, what was the, was it just an accumulation of things? Or was there, were there moments or a moment, or something or a conversation where you thought, okay, this is, this is going to change everything? It was probably like, three things. The first thing was maturity. I was like, 38, 39. Like, literally, like, I think I grew up with like, pretty bad ADD, ADHD. And I wouldn't say I grew out of it. But like, I became more mature somehow. And I started like being more predictable, not the most predictable, but less of a procrastinator, a little more mature, a little more decisive, a little less impulsive. So that was the first thing, just some maturity. And I think related to that was just 12 years of experience. Some point you figure it out, or you're never going to. And that's like a good amount of time. I think the second thing was, it was a crucible moment. In other words, it was the first moment I had to be a good CEO, and it was a life or death moment. The stakes were too high. And for better or worse, I'm good in a crisis. I realized I could rise to the occasion. So I think it was the stakes, the moment. Sometimes you have to rise to the moment. I think that's the second thing. And I think the third thing was this whole founder mode, this whole thing of being in the details, being hands-on, that only came from the crisis. I had no notion I should do that. In fact, even. Steve Jobs, I didn't think about after he died for like eight, nine years. It was only when we were. People thought we were going out of business. I said, well, who else was almost going out of business? Steve Jobs. Around the same time, I met Hiroki Asai, who was this creative director at Apple. I hired Johnny Ive, who was an industrial designer for Steve Jobs, to work as a consultant for me. And they told me all these Steve Jobs stories. And that's when I really started studying him. I knew a little bit about him. I didn't know. I didn't know a lot about him. And so I studied. I first studied how did this guy, 12 weeks from bankruptcy, where it was, take the company out of this tailspin. And basically, what I realized is he got all the details. He cut a bunch of projects. He made a lot of really hard decisions. And the single thing was he simplified. He was present. Leadership was present, not absence. He was dictatorial, which seems like not something you should do. He said no more than he said yes. He was brutal about. Everyone going the same direction. He was exacting with standards. And he paid attention to every pixel, every word. And I did every. I decided. And I only did that to navigate the crisis. Because in the crisis, I had to look through all of our expenses. You know, we had to be very, very hands-on. Basically, it was like we're all in a foxhole. So now I'm running the company hands-on for the first time in 15 years. Not telling you to do, but like we're in the foxhole together. We get out of the tailspin. And then I think a bunch of employees. Employees thought, okay, let's go back to operating the way we were. I'm like, no way. And operating the way you were meant you had like. Like back off. A bunch of. Give us space now. And then direct reports. And you got your information. Yeah. Because the other thing Steve Jobs would do is he would get his information from people deep in the. Right. He would gather 100 people. So here's something that a lot of CEOs do. They only talk to their directs. Yeah. I don't want to name the person, but I saw an interview of a CEO who appointed as his successor. Somebody who failed. And they asked him, how come. Did you have a good relationship? He said, yes. And you go, how come you didn't know. What'd you miss? He goes, well, I didn't talk to the people that worked for him. I'm like, really? And now this is one of the biggest companies in the world. At really big companies, these really corporate people often they only talk to their own executive suite. And so it's called managing up. What I do is I skip a level. I talk two, three layers down. Now, initially you do that. You might piss off. You might piss off. You might piss off the executive. They might feel threatened. This started during, right after COVID. Yes. So this is sort of the evolution of this. I pissed off a bunch of execs. Yes. Because you were saying to them, I'm actually going to talk to the people who work for you. And they said, you're undermining me. You're going around me. Of course. You don't trust me. What are you trying to do? Yeah. Not everyone. Micromanaging. Yeah, micromanaging. So what was your response? I said, we have to save this company. Because it was a crisis. So I was like, your feelings and your. And how you feel has to come second to us saving this company. But they're saying, well, you don't trust me? I'm telling you what you need to know. This is a waste of your time. You don't need to know this. You're the CEO. You've got to focus on big picture stuff. Let me do the details. And that's what I did for 10, 12 years. And so I told them, I've tried this for 12 years. And look at where it got us. Look at where it got us. Well, you. I mean, but the company was doing well. Probably in spite of my leadership. Not because of my leadership, is what I said. The company was chaotic. I mean. We had the curse of having too good of a business model. I joke that we had the curse of having too good of a business model. eBay versus Amazon. eBay had this great business model. So they didn't have to be great at execution. Amazon had this horrible business model. Low margins. They lived by execution. Guess who won? The company that had great execution. Because they compounded. And so we succeeded in spite, often, of my leadership during those wilderness years. And I said. And then masks. You're saying that the business model that was just. It was lucky. It was really good. Masks, mismanagement. My own mismanagement. And masks, my own mismanagement. But the other thing I told execs. I remember one exec said, Is this your job or is this my job? She's like, Do you want to own it or me? I remember saying to this person, It should never be either. That this is not about me just deluging to you. This is not about you just. Me telling you what to do. Like, the whole point is, I'm not in the details telling people to do. I'm the details, so I have the information. You see, the board. Every board of a public company has an audit committee. The word audit is key. It means they know every detail. If the board audit committee knows every detail, why wouldn't the CEO know every detail? And by the way, with AI, now you can. You can just prompt and find anything. AI is the ultimate skip leveling. I can know anything. And skip leveling, for people who don't know, it means literally going two, three levels down. Yeah, to get information. But how do you identify those people in an 8,000-person company? So the way I did it is I picked key projects and I would have the full chain of command in the room. Like, this project I care about. So I'm going to have the person doing the work and all the managers in a line in the room. And then that way, you don't. The person doesn't have to wait to get all the manager's approval. I'll listen to everyone's opinion in the room, then I'll make the final decision. So a junior person doesn't have to go up the chain of command. The chain of command can disagree with them and I can rule, overrule the entire chain of command. Now, usually I don't. And if I'm overruling the chain of command every time, either I have the wrong people or. They're not going to want to. They're not going to want to work for you. Or they're not going to want to work for me. So hopefully I'm only overruling them like 10% of the time. If I'm overruling them 50% of the time, I'm wrong or I have the wrong people. And if I'm never overruling them, I'm adding no value. And so I should be overruling people only occasionally because you should be doing things not obvious. And so basically, to finish answering your question about being the details, I said, you can call micromanagement. I don't want to put spin on the ball and pretend like it is what it is. I don't even know what you mean by that. I call it being in the details. I'm not going to tell you what to do, but you're not going to tell me to back off. We're going to be in the foxhole together. And the idea is that we're going to play ping pong. And I'm going to tell you an idea. You're going to tell it back to me. We're going to partner in one plus one equals three. That together, we're going to come up with the best answer. And if you don't want to collaborate, then you don't work here. In other words, I'll give you empowerment, but not autonomy. You'll have autonomy of the way to do your work. Like, I won't tell an engineer how to code, but you're not going to have autonomy over what direction to go. Because if everyone has autonomy over what direction, then everyone goes in different directions. That's bad. So you'll have empowerment. And people get this confused, empowerment and autonomy. People think everyone wants autonomy. I think people want empowerment. Empowerment means when I'm in the details, I can prove anything right away. You want resources, I'll give it to you. If somebody's blocking you, somebody illegal saying you this, I clear the path. I like to joke to people that I'm actually like an offensive line. You're the running back. I'm the offensive line. I stand in front and I clear the path for your idea. And if you have an idea, I'll put the weight of the company behind you. That is empowerment. That's not possible with total independence autonomy. This whole idea came to light when Paul Grammer, his now famous essay about the founder mode. He saw a talk you gave at Y Combinator talking about this thing. It was a private talk, but you were basically saying, I was told my whole career, hire great people, get out of the way. And I learned or discovered that that actually wasn't working. So this is what I decided to do. I decided to get into the details, really go deep and just have my fingers in every place as possible. How did you convince? I'm sure a lot of people left. I'm sure a lot of your direct reports are like, I don't want to do this. I don't need this. And I want to work. Almost the entire exec team left. Wow. Eventually. So how did you convince people that this is actually the way to go? How do you do that when there's a when conventional wisdom is no, no, this is how companies, big companies have to operate. Well, the good news is you don't have to convince everyone. You just have to convince the people that are willing to stay and you have to convince enough people to join. And a whole bunch of people were turned off by this. They left or they didn't want to work for me. And I said, kind of similar to how in the early days, not everyone wanted to use Airbnb. I said, I don't need everyone to work for me. I just need 10 people on my executive team to work for me. So as long as I can convince 10 people to work this way and give it a shot, the way we'll really convince them is we'll deliver results. And if we keep delivering results, then it also, the way I'm going to convince them is give this a try. There was a risk it could be wrong though. Yes. So the data proved that Founders, not all founders become great CEOs, but all the greatest CEOs were founders, from Sam Walton in Walt Disney to Steve Jobs to Jeff Bezos to Larry Ellison. I mean, we could go down the list. We can go down the list. There's almost no exception to the rule that the best CEOs have that founder mode mentality, and they never lose that. And I think that's really, really important. And so the way I was able to convince people was just say, give it a shot. By the way, I said, we did it in the pandemic, and it worked. So let's keep doing it. I also hired people from Apple. I hired people to work for founders. There's the other thing. If you've worked for a founder like Jeff Bezos, I work for people who work for Jeff Bezos. I work for people that work for Steve Jobs. They need to know convincing. They understand. They already understood. Whereas someone from Procter & Gamble, I didn't hire someone who's just picking a company. They would not understand because that founder has been dead for 100 years. So how do you? One more detail about being in the details. People probably think I'm in all the details right now. I'm not. Yeah. You can't be. There's too many. So here's the analogy I made. You aren't forever in all the details. That is not sustainable. It's like this is a kind of cheesy analogy. You're like a golf instructor, and you watch their swing. And if somebody develops a bad swing, it's really hard to fix it. So you watch them 100 times. And at some point. It's muscle memory. And then you can let go. And then you can watch them every 10 swings. At some point, it's just muscle memory. I remember the first time I went back into founder mode, we had to do a press release. We did like 70 iterations of the press release. Because we couldn't get to excellence. And I said, well, let's keep doing this until we get to excellence. It was like 70 versions. And everyone was like, we're never, ever doing this again. And I said. Was it a press release? It was one press release. Okay. So it was basically the idea is. If this room's perfect, I'm going to start by making this glass perfect. Then I'm going to make this little thing perfect. Yeah. And so I said, we're going to make the whole company perfect by starting with one little thing. And people were like, this is crazy. Why are you doing this? I was trying to teach where the bar was. And now, I just read it once. Because I've instituted the muscle. So to be very clear, founder mode is a way to teach people by staying in the details. By letting go only after it's muscle memory. And then you still see everything, but you do eventually let go. And so the mistake people make is they see people who have let go because there is excellence. And they don't understand that the way they got excellence was to be in the details. How do you know? So we had Reed Hastings on the show a couple months ago, maybe a year ago. And you know they have a famous. Netflix has this famous model, right? About how. The culture. Right. And so it's sort of a version of a question I asked him. But it really applies here. Which is, there was a lot of friction. I can't imagine how much friction there was when you were kind of transitioning to this model. But when you have this model, right? And you have a vision of something. How do you make sure that people feel comfortable pushing back? Because even Steve Jobs, even God isn't right. Although maybe God. But you can't be right all the time. And you have to know that. Right? But you have a vision. You have an idea that you feel really strongly about. How do you create an environment where people are willing to say, I don't think so? Okay. Great question. A few things. The first thing is you have these, like, people that are willing to tell you the truth. Like, some people call, like, CEO whisperers, right? There are some people that are willing. They've been. You have them. Yes. And most of them have been with you more than 10 years. So it's hard for someone who hasn't been. I've been with you for a long time. So it's good to keep some people around a long time. My co-founders, but also I have people that have been around for about a decade. Or people that are. I have a few people that they don't need this job. And literally so that, like, they can afford to. To say you're wrong. Say whatever and get fired. Or not be afraid. So that's the first thing is that. But I'll give you a trick I do. Not a trick in as in I manipulate them. But something I did recently. I was in London last week. And I was. I was talking with my team. And we came up with a new tagline for the company. Our tagline used to be belonging to her. And I won't say what it is. We'll unveil it. It came with a tagline. And I then texted my CMO and my two creative leads. Said, this is it. This is the tagline. We're doing it. I don't care what anyone says. We're doing it. And I felt certain. And I was like. And then I slept on it. And I realized they might not agree with me. But I'm so certain that I probably sucked all the oxygen out of the room. So the next day I sent them a message. And I said, I realized I got really excited. You have two weeks. I want you to come up with a better tagline. I think there's a better tagline. So I actually took the opposing position. I don't think this is a tagline. Two weeks later they came back to me. Or a week later. Because it was London. It was last week. They came to me. Sorry. I said you have two weeks. Yeah. They cut the time in half. They said we're already done with the process. And we actually think. The original tagline is the right one. But in other words. You can take the counter position. You give them permission to disagree. And sometimes the way you give permission to disagree is you actually change your mind. You might say we're doing this. They actually made me do this. And if they keep agreeing with you every time you change your position. Now you know they're not comfortable. You also have to. You know you have to ask people their opinion. Sometimes you have to ask their opinion before you give yours. So if I see something. If I say this is great. Everyone in the room is going. Oh yeah it's great. So I'll ask. Ask them. And they don't even know what the right answer is. If the right answer is my opinion. They just have to give their opinion. Well maybe their opinion is the right answer. So often you give your opinion last. You have whispers that can tell you the truth. Or you ask people like what's my blind spot. Like let's say you're reviewing a project. A team's been working on something for six months. And you don't like it. And you got to kill it. What happens? What do you do? How do you do it? Do you try to prevent that from happening in the first place? Yeah. If a team's been working on something for six months. And I have to kill it. I failed as a leader. That they've gone six months down a journey. And I have to pull the plug. This is why you should be in the details. Because you never. I like to say I want to be at the beginning and end of the process. And in the middle I check in. The reason projects go in the wrong direction. Is because of one of two reasons. They start wrong. Either they're not set for success. Or they're off an island without oversight. In the wrong direction as in something you're unhappy with. If those two things aren't true. Then you'll never ever have that problem. So the first thing is you have to set something up for success. Do we have a clear vision of what we're trying to do? Are the right people working on it? Is there a clear directly responsible individual? Do we have all the resources? Do we have total alignment on what we're going to do? Do we have the right process? Are we trying to do something. Too big or too small. And this is like a whole checklist of things you do. Okay. So at some point the project's set for success. Now you have to create a rhythm. And the rhythm can be every day. Every week. Every month. But you have to establish a rhythm. So how many projects could do the capacity to be involved with it at any given time? A couple dozen. Maybe 20. But they're all. Not 20 a day. Yeah. Probably 20-ish. And at different rhythms. So maybe there's. Two projects. Two or three at a time where I have a daily rhythm. Then other projects I have a week or year by week rhythm. And I have other projects I have a monthly rhythm. And if I'm not meeting it monthly. Then I'm really. I would call myself not involved. All right. Let me ask you a couple questions about. Specifically about Airbnb. And about where it's heading. Right? There are a lot of opportunities. Right? And the company's core business model remains. It's the Kings. And obviously there's some. I know independent hotels and things like that. I fly United a lot. So I get to board early. And I get other perks. If I'm not sitting in Airbnb. I get. And I book through Chase. I get the edit or whatever. A lot of people use Marriott because of loyalty points. Is there something about those models that's interesting to you that you think. I mean Marriott is basically a loyalty points company. Yeah, it is. They don't own buildings. They don't. People don't realize this. But Marriott's basically a loyalty program. Right. It's a loyalty company. And it's what works for them. Right? We know these loyalty programs work. I think they were started with casinos back in the 70s or 80s. Is that interesting? Is that something that I know at times has been discussed? But is that a potential growth area? Yeah, absolutely. There are three things I said I'd never do. The first is I said I'd never do advertising. And somebody once said in the design community, advertising is the price you pay for being unoriginal. And so I'm like, we don't do advertising. And then we started doing advertising. And it turns out when you sell something, no matter how original you are, and Tesla is an exception, but even Apple and Disney and Nike, very inspirational companies, have to do advertising. You've got to remind people. I said we'd never do hotels. You bought hotels tonight. We bought hotels tonight. And the reason why is because our customers told me, and I realized this is my ideology. And actually, the only reason I was even anti-hotels was because Because Airbnb, it was like competition. I'm like the Red Sox, you're the Yankees. And I wasn't seeing it clearly. And people like hotels. And I had to be honest that actually half the hotels in the world are independents. B&Bs are technically categorized hotels. It's in our freaking name. And a lot of our guests, more than half of them, do occasionally stay in hotels. So why don't we have them? And the third thing I said is I really pushed against the loyalty programs. I said the best loyalty programs, people just loving your product. Again, I don't think Disney, Apple, or Nike, these three companies we're talking about, had a loyalty program. And I revisited that. So you see there's a pattern here of me saying I'll never do something and then having to become more practical, which is maybe another version of going from a founder or CEO, which is becoming less ideological. You want to have a company that's got a cult-like following, but it's not ideological where it's so impractical. Well, it's actually a cult. Then you're going to get in deep trouble. So you have to have this practicality. And so I can't say too much except to say that we are looking at this type of program, but we aren't going to do something out of the tube, or me never does. So if we were to do something, it would be very original, very cool, very different. And that's what I can say. Okay. I know that you guys are going to, you have an initiative. You're going to fund a million nights for free for people in distress or displaced by it, naturally. disasters. I think the plan is to put half a billion dollars into this. Because this is part of a nonprofit, Airbnb.org, that actually I think started around Hurricane Sandy. It came out of that time. So tell me about this. This is 18 years in the making. In 2008, I emailed my co-founders. The subject line email was Airbnb.org. Airbnb hadn't even launched yet. And we already had the idea for Airbnb.org. And the base, we didn't quite know what it meant, but we kind of thought it was going to be something around housing. Nothing happens for four years, because now we got our hands full. 2012, Hurricane Sandy hits. A woman emails us. She said, I want to host one of the disaster evacuees. I want to host for free. We had to change our system and allow her to do that. That began an effort of whenever there's a disaster, we would try to respond. We couldn't do many. We started responding to disasters. Now, some hosts open their homes for free. A bunch of people would need to get paid. So we started raising, or using our own money to pay the host, so make sure the guests could stay for free. This happened. Disaster after disaster after disaster. Then Afghanistan. Tens of thousands of refugees needed housing. We housed 20,000 Afghan refugees. Russia invades Ukraine. There's millions of refugees. We housed 100,000 refugees for free. LA fires broke out. We provided 70,000 free nights in LA. And so now, what people don't realize is we have this. We have this nonprofit, airmeet.org, where we house people for a natural disaster every other day. About 170 disasters a year. We house thousands of people. Medical stays. My mom in 2011 had cancer, breast cancer. Thankfully, she's okay now. She's living in Albany. And she'd take the Amtrak train to Sloan Kettering in New York City every day. And apparently, she's told me there were other people that would go every day on the train. And they'd go every day on the train because they couldn't afford to stay overnight in New York because of how. My mom had the idea, you should provide medical stays, free stays for people getting medical treatment. So we eventually did that. And now we have medical stay treatment. So if you want to get treatment or let's say a child's sick in a children's hospital in Mexico City, this is where we launched it. Parents want to stay with the children, but they couldn't afford to stay in hotels. So now the child's alone in a hospital and their parents aren't there. But we can put them in a house for free near the hospital and they can visit the child every day. And this is really good for the child. It's really good for the parents. Domestic violence victims. What happens when you're a victim of death with violence? Where do you go? A shelter? That's not a very good living condition. What if you could be at home where a family could take care of you? So we started realizing whether it's natural disasters, refugees, medical stays, or domestic violence, there's a lot of people that need housing. And my parents taught us simple, Brian, just be useful in life. Be of service to someone else. In fact, one of my favorite designers is Errol Zemes. He said, the role of a designer is that of a very thoughtful host anticipating the needs of his guest. So therefore, let's be of service to others. Let's take the one thing we know how to do really well, provide housing, and let's house people in need. That's our superpower. And we decided to do that. We are able to scale it. And so I asked our leader, what's the biggest possible scale we could pull off operationally? He said, I think in a few years, we could house a million nights worth of free housing, which would probably make us the largest organization in the world that provides free housing. Bigger than Ronald McDonald House, which has gone on for like 40 or 50 years. Bigger, I think, than any government. I said, well, what would that cost? It turned out it would cost about half a billion. I said, well, it's not my money. It's the company's money. We're a public company. Could we do that responsibly in the interest of shareholders? And I think we ultimately came to the conclusion we're going to do it. And I think it's good business to do good in the world. And I think that that's what we're going to do. We're going to try to house a million nights for free a year over the next five years. And I think this is going to be one of the most important things the company ends up doing in its lifetime. Normally, I ask our founders on the show, founders on the show, how much of their journey do they attribute to luck or success? I'm not going to ask you that question. You can answer that question. But I looked back on my interview with Joe 10 years ago, and I asked him, I said, can you make a decision? And he said, I'm going to make a decision. And I said, I'm going to make a decision. Imagine a time when you aren't involved with the company, you know, and he, you know, what would you do if you weren't working? And he answered the question three different times, started and stopped and started and stopped. Because I think it was a tough thing for him to think about back then. Obviously, he's moved on. He's still involved, he's on the board. You're 45, I think now, right? I mean, you've been doing this for a long time. You've had incredible professional success. Can you, could you imagine? Um, a future where you're not here? Does that is a part of that appeal to you? Does it scare you? I don't know. What do you? What do you think? I mean, where are you going to be in 10 or 20 years from now? I'll answer that with like, a story of my heroes. Leonardo da Vinci. Steve Jobs, Walt Disney, Sam Wallen, Vincent Van Gogh, though he died early. I go down, Frank Lloyd Wright. What do they all have in common? All five or six of them worked the last week of their life. Walt Disney was dying of lung cancer, laying on his hospital bed, looking up at the ceiling tiles while his brother was rubbing his cold toes. He was plotting out Disney World. I know numerous people that visited Steve on his deathbed and he was, he was survived by family. He was most important, but he still cared about Apple. Leonardo da Vinci carried the Mona Lisa with him till he died. It was never even on display. Now, some people could hear that and say that's really grim. You're working the last week of your life, but if you love it, it's not grim at all. They would loved it. And it doesn't mean you're not available to your family. I think the most important thing at the end of my life is I have family surrounded by me, but I hope not long before that I'm still doing something I love here. I hope so. Now, who knows? With AI, if I'm like a hundred years old, I probably shouldn't be running a tech company. So it's really about how long I live, but I hope that if I live longer than 20 years more, and I hope that we would, I hope I'd still be doing this because my heroes were doing it. And I just love it. And I, I know, I know parents, my friend's parents were some of them retired and some didn't. The ones that retired got older a lot faster than the ones that didn't. And so I'm doing this or not. I'm always going to be creating. I'm always going to be building and I'm not doing it anymore for adulation. I'm certainly not doing it for money. Can't spend what I have. I'm doing it because I love it. It's because like it's, I have one of the largest canvases, any artist or designers ever been given in human history. And it's, it was probably a bunch of luck. I don't think getting from 2016 to here was luck, but I think Joe and Nate, that idea, people, what was luck was getting the shot. There are so many people as talented as me or more talented than never got the shot. I got the shot who wasn't luck was then I got, I gave myself the training. Now I have the skill that was just hard work, but getting in the door, that was pure luck. Getting in the door was luck. Now that I'm in the door, in the club, I don't want to leave because I feel like I have like 20 years of ideas and whether it's all these problems I see in the world, I just envision a more creative, magical world than the one we live in. Now, whether or not people want to live in that world is, or, or they want to participate in creating that world is, is up to them. And it's not up to me. It's up to me to convince people that this is compelling, but I think I'm going to be doing this for a long time, you know? And, you know, one of my other heroes is Pablo Picasso and, or at least he had a lot of good quotes, Pablo Picasso, by the way, painted till the end of his life. He had so many great quotes, but he said, all children are born artists. The problem is you remain an artist as one grows up. He also said, it took me. four years to paint like Raphael, but a lifetime to learn to paint like a child. I want to stay young the rest of my life. And the thing is, therefore, I want to have a childlike, not childish, but childlike quality. I want to remain an explorer. I want to learn. I want to grow. I want to keep making new. Every year of my life, I want to make at least one new friend. I want to keep creating to the end of my life. I want to keep connecting and helping people to the end of my life. I don't know how long that is, but I just want to just keep creating, keep painting on this giant canvas I've been given. And so long as I have this canvas, I'm not going to stop painting. Thank you. Thank you. That's Brian Chesky, co-founder and CEO of Airbnb. By the way, if you haven't heard our original Airbnb episode with his co-founder, Joe Gebbia, who, after finding out about his Italian roots, now pronounces his name Jebbia, not Gebbia. Or even if you have heard that episode, it's worth going back to. You'll find a link to it in the episode description. Just scroll down. And some exciting news. You can now watch How I Built This on YouTube. This conversation with Brian is the very first episode on our brand new channel. Just search How I Built This on YouTube. And subscribe. We'll also put a link to our new YouTube channel in the episode description, so please check it out. Our show is produced by Podcast Point Man. I'm Guy Raz, and you've been listening to How I Built This.