1.22 | Describing someone

(speaking in foreign language) Welcome to episode 22. (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) So today we are going to talk about descriptive words. So we are going to describe a person. We're going to learn words that will help you describe somebody on the outside and as a personality. - Yes, exactly. So we're going to learn a lot of adjectives today. (speaking in foreign language) (upbeat music) We're going to start with descriptive words that are related to the appearance first. Actually, the first adjective that came into my mind when I first saw Alice was psilos, because she is very tall, taller than the average Greek. - Like every Greek always tells me this in the beginning, always. It's like before actually saying hi, how are you? It's just like, wow, you're tall. - It's true, it's true. So the word for tall in Greek is psilos. - Psilos. - Psyli. - Psyli. - Psylo. - Psylo. So what happens is it's a masculine, a feminine, or a neutral word. You just adapt it to either the noun that's after it or you adapt it to the person, whether it's a man or a woman. - Exactly. So we can say (speaking in foreign language) - Mm-hmm, okay. - Okay. - So psilos. - Yeah, so as you can imagine, if I go to Greece, then people would say (speaking in foreign language) that's what they always told me. - Exactly. (laughing) - Yeah. And the opposite word of psilos is (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) means short. - Mm-hmm. - So psilos and the opposite is (speaking in foreign language) and (speaking in foreign language) you can also use it for your hair. Like if you have short hair, you can say (speaking in foreign language) - Mm-hmm. (speaking in foreign language) - So psilos, (speaking in foreign language) the other couple that we are going to learn is the words for big and small. The word for big is (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) - So for example (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) I don't think that you know this word, but (speaking in foreign language) is the couch. So (speaking in foreign language) is the big couch. And I'm decorating my house lately. So I have all, you know, these (speaking in foreign language) house vocabulary in my mind. So yeah (speaking in foreign language) So the word (speaking in foreign language) has a second meaning also. We can use it when somebody is old or older, but talking about the age. - Yeah. - For example, if I would say (speaking in foreign language) this means that I'm the older sister in the family. Okay. One more thing that I wanted to add is that you know this word (speaking in foreign language) slightly, in English, they pronounce it slightly different. They say mega, for example, megabytes. - Yeah, exactly. - Yeah. - And the opposite word is mikrosh. - Mikrosh. - Mikri. - Mikri. - Mikro. - Mikro. - So mikrosh means both small and young. - Yeah, exactly. And mikrosh, you can think of micro, which is also smart. - Exactly. And during the pandemic in general, we had omicron. - Oh yeah. - Do you remember that? Omicron means oh, small. - Yeah, that's true. We all learned the Greek alphabet because of the pandemic. - So omicron means oh, small, the small oh, and omega means the big oh, oh, mega. So megalo, oh, mikro, oh. - It's just funny because in most languages, mega is like really big and mikro is really small, you know? But in Greek, it's just big, small, just normal. - Yeah, you're right. Ypon, we can use the word mikrosh as small or young. For example, eho, enan mikro, aderfo. I have a young brother. - Do you have an accent? - No. - Now, if you want to compare, you can use the word psilosh, kodosh, megalosh, mikrosh, but before that word, you have to use the word pyo, which means more. It's like, instead of saying he is taller than me, in Greek, we say he is more tall than me. For example, if we want to say he is taller than me, how can we say that? Alice. - Inne pyo psilosh, apo mena. And you say mena because that's me and you cannot say he's taller than I, eho. So that's why you use the word mena. Inne pyo psilosh, apo mena. - Exactly. Inne pyo psilosh, apo mena. The word then is apo in Greek. - Mm-hmm, yeah. - I just say that because we've learned this word like in one of our first episode as from. - Exactly. - But in general, prepositions in Greek, because the Greek prepositions are less in number comparing to English, one Greek preposition can have like several meanings in English. - Exactly, it's easier for us to learn it in Greek because there are very few. The word apo can either mean from or it can mean then when you are comparing. - Mm-hmm, Alice, how can we say she is shorter than me? - Inne pyo godi apo mena. - Mm-hmm, Inne pyo godi apo emena. Or we can also say apo mena. - Yeah. - So in Greek, we tend to speak faster and sometimes we just drop some letters. So, Inne pyo godi apo emena. So when we're speaking, we say Inne pyo godi apo mena. So we say it faster and we drop the eh. - Mm-hmm. - But they're both correct. - Yeah. - How can we say he is shorter than me? - Inne pyo godi apo emena. - What about, Maria is older than Eleni. - Inne pyo megali apo din Eleni. - Great. - So watch that you adapt the words to the gender of the person. So, Maria is feminine. So, Inne pyo megali. It's like you say the eh at the end. And if it were a boy, then it would be megalos. - Exactly. So, in this case, the word megali, it doesn't mean that Maria is like bigger than Eleni. It means like she's older than her. - Exactly. - And that's it. What about Dimitri is younger than his brother? - Oh, Dimitris, Inne pyo micros apo ton adelfotu. - Great. - Oh, Dimitris, Inne pyo micros apo ton adelfotu. - Oh, Dimitris, Inne pyo micros apo ton adelfotu. - Perfect. - So now let's move on with some more adjectives. - The first one is omorfos. - Omorfos. - Omorfi. - Omorfi. - Omorfos. - Omorfos. - So, omorfos, it means beautiful. And it has actually, we can translate it as beautiful, but also as handsome. So we use it for men and women, omorfos. So it has both meaning. - Yeah, so you can say, for example, Inne mia omorfimera. Simera. - As well, yeah, a beautiful day. Poliora, omorfos. The next word is evgenikos. - Evgenikos. - Evgeniki. - Evgeniki. - Evgeniko. - Evgeniko. - Evgenikos means polite. - Evgenikos, evgeniki, evgeniko. - Great. And there is a Greek name and an English name, I think, that derives from this adjective. - Oh, yeah, I've seen it. - Eugene. - Yeah, yeah, yeah, he's just thinking of that. But I've also seen the Greek version. - Yeah, Evgenia, or Evgenios. So, yeah, the name Eugene, evgenikos. Evgenikos means polite, an accent. The next word is filikos. - Filikos. - Filiki. - Filiki. - Filico. - Filico. - Alice, can you guess the word that is related to the word filikos? - Yeah, we have the word philos, which means friend. So, filikos needs to be friendly. - Exactly, exactly. - Filikos is in the same family with the word philos or fili. And the last adjective for today is the word exypnos. - Exypnos. - Exypni. - Exypni. - Exypno. - Exypno. - So, exypnos means smart or clever. And it's in the same family with the word hypnos, like hypnos or hypnosis. - What does that have to do with smart? - It means that you are awake and always alerted. You're not sleeping. - Okay, okay. - Yeah, exypnos. So, you're like always awake and you're observing your environment, you're paying attention. - It's like a good reference. - Greek in so many ways makes sense. I don't know why. - Yeah. - Yeah, so, exypnos. - Exypnos. We've had the words omorphos, evgenikos, filikos and exypnos. - Alice, how can we say she is smarter than me? - That would be "ine pjö exypni apo mena". "Ine pjö exypni apo mena". - "Ine pjö exypni apo mena". - Janis is friendlier than Dimitri. - Janis is friendlier than Dimitri. - Janis is friendlier than Dimitri. - It's also masculine. - Exactly. That's why we also call them descriptive words because they are describing and they always agree with the person or the item that these words are describing. And they have to agree in the grammatical gender and the number. So, if it was plural, it had to be plural. - Yeah, exactly. So, let's do a quiz and see if we've memorized these words. - What's the word for "toll"? - It's "psilos". - What about the word "kodosh"? - What's the meaning of this word? - It means "short". - How can we say "young" in Greek? - You say "micros". - And how can we say "big" in Greek? - "Megalos". - What's the meaning of the word "al morphosh"? - It means "beautiful" or "handsome". - Or "pretty". - And if you want to say "he is more polite than", how can we say that? - "He is more polite than". - And how can we say "she is friendlier than"? - "He is more friendly than". - And the last question. - How can we say "she is smarter than"? - "He is more polite than". - Great, well done Elise. - Okay, to wrap this all up, we have a story for you guys. 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